BETTY5BURB: 



How THE Battle was Fought. 




j^- I-*"' 



CAPT. JAME^ T. LONG. 



rv-riVK cacNTM. 






GHTTYSBURG: 



HOW THE BATTLE WAS 
FOUGHT. 



BY 



CAPTAIN JAMES T. LONG, 



THF r.nrn" \Nn npi infator 



IIAIIKIMK U'.. I \ 



E 



Entered, accordInK to the Act of ConKress, In the year 1890, by 

Captain JAMKS T. LONG. 
In the ortiCH i)f the hibrarlun of Congress, WashlnKton, D. C. 



PPFFA(^F. 



riuH book is iiwu<Hl with the ho|M> and belief that itn i>r.f?e« 
uiul ill -. will ••iml>l«' viHit»)rH ti» (J ' .1 tluMM* who 

aiv inU a tin' hinton' of thf tleoi>- 1 llie war a 

little iDMi^ht aa to how the fn^*at Imttle waa fought, and in writ- 
iof? the Hame I have endeavored to tell tlie aton' in nueh a plain 
ail ' that all may (indi>rstund it, and at 

th< ^....- ;...u(; that would mar the ft'«>linf;r'* of a 

aiuirli* iudivitltml. I lmv<> himply told the atun* of the Imttlo aa 
it oocam<d ; aa I have l«>arned it tlirou^h many yeara of hard 
attidy on the tieltl and coininfr in conta(*t with prominent offioere 
and men of lioth armii>M 

Capt. Jamfh T. Loxn. 
The (tHule and Itrlintxttor. 




(4) 



GETTYSHURC;: 

HOW THE BATTLE WAS FOUGHT 



N 



( )T\V1TI!STAM)IN(J Umt mon^ than a 00*114^ of ucu- 

• ' ■ ' • ■ ■ ■ \V r 

t 

iH only now thAt wo arv junt Uinnuinfr to n«Uixv bow 

. . . _ . .11 ... ._ . _i ... . ,1 I 



th<* iiui: A on which ovi>r two hun(in«<i 

wb^^imI ii. .1. .uttK* on tht« thn«<" fir^* ' • ' ' 
.< th«n» wrn- Ufnrlv fifty tluuiHAn.l |. 
in thnt t 

. that i...... ., 

• <« of tlu* worltl. It wiui nt ( < 



I ... . 

iituno wall of 



It nuiy tMiunil atrmniri* to Nomn of tay old cumnMlt« wbrn I 



•tonnd, n«-vi ai uu<U<uiAi»h« tmei, wr 



t . I . . I 



n th<* nv^nth of 

■ ' • •' ■ ' Ami 

iM of 

^3rTioc ihir nuika wvn- iicx:iiiiatc>(l. ami at do Uiiif* tiontair tb« 



6 



Cii'ltyabunj: How the Jlallle teas Fouijhl. 



wiirwas our army over in w worso condition. Tho ent^my luwinfj: 
btH'ouu' o^n'iitly oncourat^cd with their numerous victori<!s, after 
their victory at Chancclh)rsvillo decided to no long-er confine 
themselves south of Mason and Dixon's Line, but to extend 
the war into the North. Ilarrisl^urg-, the Capital of the preat 
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, was looked upon by the Con- 
federate authorities during" the dark days of the rebellion as sec- 
ond in importance to them as the Capital of our Nation. The^' 
believed that if General Lee could succeed in penetratinp: into 
PennsylvMuia, and capturinir Harrisbuvir, he would liave but little 



^ -^yj^ Gettysburg 
"^ 11 


U.S.CAV. 


Si 


^^o Taverns^ 

12 ^ 


vero 


__ 




o Emmetsburg 






Manchesier o6 


^^TTane:/^^^'' 




MEADE 

1 1 


SCALE OF MILES 

1 1 . 1 1 


1 


2 3 4 5 6 7 



Ftrxi I>(n/ — (rincral S!i(u<it)(i)i, .'it. ni, 

trouble to move on to Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore and 
Washington, thus endinpf the war in their favor, and thereby 
enabling" them to extend slavery throufrhout oiu' laud. 

Furthermore, the Confederate Government at that time was 
a.ssuied, to a certain extent, by a foreiprn g-overumeut, that if they 
could accomplish one decisive victory north of Mason and Dixon's 
Line they would receive aid. It is no secret to-day that tliat for- 
eign government was Enj^rland Yes, Eng-land had assured them 
that if they could accomplish one decisive victory north of Mason 
and Dixon's Line that they would come to their rescue. SoHar- 
risburpT, beyond a doubt, was the objective point of General Lee 
when he invaded Pennsylvania in 1863. Immediately after the 
battle of Chancellorsville was when the Confederate Ai'my was 



'ftUyabury: IJuic the tiatlU tc*u t'uuifkL 7 

ni>i>nuii/4*4i fuiil c<iii ' iiiU> thnf nrmy rfir|Mi. Yoo trill 
ulwi<r\t< that nCoiifiNi .......< i i.i . ..* — ^(xifp* 

»>f oiir HTtiiy. Thoy • <«i«ol 

in th«* nitikH (Imn^ ^luly, «iiiU« wi> lu tmr • «i fi>r all 

uioUH tiuiiKii thiit n|>|M*iutHl 1)11 the rulU. N ....... > ^ » -tji 

nliM*ut in mtinc Sotithcni priMou |M«n, or wi)unilf«l axitl i: I, 

*»r I' ri tli'tiu'hiHl HiT\i tiu<« whm acci' h 

tuui '- -iv. A c"or]>« t»f (. . ..lU* truup« w;i . uf 

tliroo (liviaiotui; a tliviaiuii cooiuaiiHl uf four Im vntl a 

' " -t*"*! of twi-nty-t'ivf 1 tlioa 

1 . 11 to H tliviiiituj, autl tL: ..- to a 

tHirpH^ thirty thouiuuiil men : and thriM} coriw, ni*ki ffjf nioety 
thouaancl tnM)pH of i: ' ilry and aitil- 

Icry of licv-'rt army U^w than ooe 

humln'd and t«n or twelve thouMand nit!D. 'Flic Fimt corpH of the 

. .d 



Conf ' 


• Vrraywaaun' 


Se*-* 


^'.vK comma: 


txirpH i>. 


1 A. P. Hiii 


Now. Ii.'i 


» lllI■^iHndin^ that 


our amiv 


th«» I'nion Amiv- 



conniMtc*! of Hi'vrn for])K, y«'t W 
i»ur Bt'Tt'n iH)ri>H did not con ^^ 
tain an niauv men an the thn-« 



corpa in our army nt that time 
tliat oxtx-odotl ti'U tluHtftaud 
men. The First coqm of our 
army, Uio Union Army, wn^ 
(xniunandt<d by ( 1 ' ' ' 

F. Royn-ldH; t 
corfM 1' i NV S. lian 







our entiT did not el<^>«<il I: 

wa« the Htn li^'tli of the twu ffruat »nuusi^ 



8 GtUyt^bunj: How tlic JJattle was FoiujfU. 

It was ill the <!iiily piirt of June when General Le<' l)ej7aii his 
movement toward the north. He eommenc(?d hy moving- a por- 
tion of his Second corps (Ewell's) across the mountains into the 
Luray Valley and Shenandoah Valley, and after numerous skir- 
misluis with our cavalry, and driving the same, he iinally reached 
Winchester, Va., and in a few days he succeeded in defeating 
juid routiner our forces there under command of General Milroy. 
Then it was that General Lee brouj^ht forward the balance of his 
army and concentrated it around Winchester, after which he 
started on his march for Pennsylvania, moving- in the direction 
of Williamsport fording, where the majority of his army crossed 
the Potomac river into Maryland, lea\ing behind him in Virginia 
General J. E. B. Stuart with ten or twelve thousand cavalry, with 
instructions to keep constant and faithful watch on General 
Hooker, of our anny (the Union Army), and to prevent him from 
following in pursuit. Such was the duty that Lee assigned to 
Stuart and his cavalry, and for the present I w^ill leave Stuart 
and his cavalry in the vicinity of Winchester, Va., while I follow 
Lee's army on to Gettj^sburg. 

From the time General Lee crossed the Potomac river up until 
the battle began there was nothing in his front to interfere with 
his onward march, except one company of cavalry (company C, 
First New York, better known in those days as the Lincoln Cav- 
alry, under command of Captain William H. Boyd, who after- 
wards became colonel of the Twenty-first Pennsylvania cavalry, 
for gallant services rendered in the Gettysburg campaign). 
Captain Boyd contested every mile of the way from the Potomac 
river down the Cumberland V^alley to Carlisle. It was of his 
company that the first soldier was killed on Pennsylvania soil 
during the rebellion. Coporal Reil was killed at Greencastle on 
the 22d day of June. Lee after moving his army into Maryland, 
concentrated it at HagerstoMTi, six miles from the Potomac river 
and seventy-four miles from Hamsbnrg, his objective point. 
Lee proposed to move to Harnsburg with the main part of the 
command rm the Cumberland Valley, \Tiz: through Greencastle, 
Chambersburg, Shippimsburg, Newville, Cai'lisle, Mechanicsburg, 
and thence to Bridgeport, and cross the Susquehanna river to 
Harrisburg, gathering stock as he passed along, as well as pro- 
visions of all kind that existed in the vallej', and send the same back 
to Virginia by wagon train, and to raise at the same time all the 
money possible by assessing the various towns as he passed 



•'./ 



ibnnii;)) f«>r Uuf^v musm tunivr a Uirmt: "l*ay tliw money or I 
will l.iini thoU.v • ' V - . . .. . f 

Lii<«>'m unity WAH . ,y 

to HarnHbunr, Leo iDU'nd<Hl Umt mw imrtinu oi his ooidiiuumI 




ms AjTfcuA m — «w «crr-nMaa 



York, tvrotjr-eiirbt miltii uortlH'snt (»f * 



■rg 



to 



10 GcttyaUuiy: How Uu: Jiultlc was FotujlU. 

J I 

\\ li^-^litsvill*', tw<>lv«« iiiilos iKtrtliwcstof York, hikI tlioro cfokh the 
Sus(|U«'li!iiiM:i river hy the ('oluniMii l)ri(l«,'"t!, destroy tlu' sunn;, 
mul teal- up ;iiul destroy the Ponusylvauia raih'oud ut Columhia; 
to inovt> uj) on the north side of iXw Susquehiiiiiiii riv<!r tlir<m<^h 
Marietta, ^liddh-towii and Steeltou ; thence to Hanusbinx, and 
till re form a junctiou with i\\o. main cohimu which was to reach 
there dir(>et liy tin; Cuniberhiud ValU-y. Wheu Lee's army 
ii'jiched Marion Station, six niih's from Ciiambersbiirg', he de- 
tached one division (General Early's), with instructions to move 
on this circuitous route. Early crossed the mountain on the 
Chambersburj^: i)ik<\ Tiiey reached G(!ttysburj^ on the twenty- 
sixth day of .June. They assessed the town for ten thousand 
dollai*s in cash, provisions of various kinds in proportion, includ 
in^ several barrels of sauer kraut. The sauer kraut not beinj:r in 
season, and the provisions, as a rule, having been sent away or 
concealed in advance of the enemy, and money appearing- to be 
hard to find that day, the order was not complied with. After 
having- been notilied by Chief Burgess Kendlehart that it was not 
possible to comply with the demand. Early moved from Gettys- 
btirg- to York, the county seat of York county. There he was 
more successful. It being a mucli larger town, his demands were 
greater. He demanded one hundred thousand dollars in cjish, 
with all things else in proportion. It is not for me to say defi- 
nitely as to tli(> exact amount that Early received at that time, but 
I can truthfully say that Early has said onl}' recently that the 
t()wn of York, Pa., owes him a little balance yet of twenty -eig-ht 
thousand dollars, so we must conclude that he got at that time 
seventy-two thousand dollars. It is known that he gathered a 
vast amount of provisions of all kinds, and secured uumeixjus 
horses and cattle. Early had advanced ui> to Wrightsville, and 
was preparing to cross the river as per instructicms from Lee, 
when a scout brought the news to Early jiot to cross the Suscjue- 
lianna river, but to fall back by thi^ same route that he went. In 
the meantime the main column of Lee's army had passed down 
the Cumberland Valley. Jenkins' Cavalry, being in advance, was 
occupying the countrj' from Mechanicsburg: to Bridg-eport, in 
sight of Harrisburg. You will observe that Mechanicsburg is 
only eight miles from Hairisburg, Lei>'s objective jioint at that 
time. Rhodes' and Johnson's divisicms of Ewell's corps were en- 
camped at Carlisle, only eig-hteen miles from Harrisburg ; A. P. 
Hill's corps was encamped at New>ille and Shippensburg, while 



(iettyltuitj . fitnf Ihi Ittttllf 



ikl 



11 



. ' '- - f? ' - - -■ • ■ • • • • 



(* : fnnii i'imniiM>n»i>urir to ti 

ri\... ..,. -...»: thirty miltw i«afit of «W-»«. • 

that A M'«iiit linntTM tin* iu'Wh to X*^' at « 
oI«i Ai 

in thai 1^ ; ^ 

bark titir nnnv. Unit (ifiu'ml I{(M>k«'r luui <> 
lUlil rut 111' ' 

oruHMtl th«- 1 - - - 



It 

.U.t 



Fcrrv rnimX ¥A 



of tiu*S)iith Mountjuii. »t point ;>( lliM'k- 

wn? ' r" "U 

l«tir»<tl thin hv wiiM comiM'lltxl U> ttlHUiilon tht« nttack uii Hnr 

ri»*l ' • • ' '■■ •• • • ,_^ 

Will •■-.II 

iuim>w YiUloy wiUIimI iu by a luouiitAiu on «>iir-li nulc with l>ut 

f. Nv '• iUll R^ 

( i. .Ill- W^ ' 

inAiitirr 1(1 uiiow hiM nnny to bo \ 
nui^'lit ill thiit namtw - " - ^ 

th(* HlH-«l||li n'4IMOII WItM, « 

Lee could not nffonl to linvi> 

on. / « - -w. .j,i 

uiii •>! 

uiuu in th«< Tiiih*y w«itt of the 

v;,,,..;. M ...... .. J.. I 



Ui 

vr>\ 
out itl 




Mil. t 



b«wn buni«<«I, 
th. f 



• Humwburj: wiM 
il to pAjr • hm.xy vaaaej 



from WrifrhtJiTill<\ nnlil the 



I to 



iu|r oC th«« thirtiriti of Juno lio n<«rJio<il a httlc* t4>vn ralicil Kaal 



12 (idtyahunj : iloiv tlic liatlLc was Fumjld. 

I^'rlin, fift<HUi inil<'s nortlu^jiKt of OettyHbur^'', on tlic roiul londinj^ 
from York, Jind em-aiupcd for the iiij^-lit witli four Ijri^iuloK, (ior- 
clou's, Hayes', Smith's and Hoke's. General liliodes' division of 
Ewoll's forps was ordered from Carlisle tlirouf^h Mt. Holly pap, 
crossed tlu* South Mountain, and reached the town of Heidlers- 
burg:, on the road leadinpf from Harrisburgf, ten miles north of 
Gettysburfj; Avith five brifirades, as follows: Daniels', Iverson's, 
O'Neal's, liansoni's and Dole's. General Pender's division of Hills 
corps was sent from Ncwvillo by way of Pino Grove Furnace, on 
the Newville and Mumasburp road, reaching- a point on the latter 
ten miles northwest of Gettysburg. Hi! stopped for the night 
with four brigades, as follows: JTliomas", Lane's, Scales' and Mc- 
Gowen's. General Hany Heath's division of Hill's corps was 
ordered over the mountain by the Chambersburg pike, and on 
reaching the base of thi^ mountain at CashtowTi, eig-ht mih's west 
of Gettysburg, bivouaced for the nig-ht with four brigades, 
Archer's, Davis', Brackcnborough's and Pettigi-ew's. Johnson's 
division of Ewell's corps was moved up the Cumberland Valley 
to Shippensburg, thence across to Fayetteville, on the Chambers- 
burg pike, eighteen miles west of Gettysburg-, and with four 
brigades are halted for the nig-ht, viz : Jones', Williams', Walker's / 
and Stuart's. Lougfstreet's corps of three divisions is at Cham- 
bersburg- and vicinity — Hood's, McLaw's and Pickett's. 

You Avill oV)serve now that the Confederate Army on the even- 
ing of the thirtieth of June was located as follows : Early's 
division fifteen miles northeast, Rhodes' ten miles north, Pender's 
ten miles northwest, Heath's eight miles west, then a continuous 
line west to Chambersburg, twenty-five miles away, thus covering- 
a country of from thirty-five to forty miles in width, with the ex- 
treme guard of Lee's army not over five miles west of Gettysburg-, 
on the Chambersburg- pike. 

On the twenty-seventh day of June, General Hooker resigned 
command of our array at Frederick City, Md., for good and just 
reasons. Perhaps it may be well to state those reasons. You 
will pardon me if I do, because it is history. At that time there 
were ten thousand men of our army at Harper's Ferry, under 
command of General French. These troops had formerly be- 
longed to the Army of the Potomac, but General Halleck, com- 
mander-in-chief of our arm}' at AVashington, D. C, had detached 
these men, and Hooker no longer had control of them. General 
Hooker knew by actual covmt, through his scouts at the various 



Ilattte waa Ftnuiht 



18 



(onliuk'H wht^rv lioo criHMpd, XXw Htrrniftlt of lirc'ii nmiy 
' T ' I liiin. ! ' 



Wrn> 



Hookrr 



Ft'rry wlntr tho <*n(*niy wnn lu 1%'Uiutylvaiiui. 

ill)?. ttiHt liiir]MTit Ft^rry «iut th«> kt>y U> th«* Shrimii<ionii Vall<>y, 
luiil titnt thi)(44> tnM>|>H «'oul(l not U? Kfiarpd. Now, it im luiid tlml 
wh**!* (ifnmil HtKik'T n*<t*iv«*<l that nu'wiH^'** )m« twwl n little of 
cvfrytliinj? fxci'pt 1 s ninl f". :»lf 

reply: '*S«y to (tfii li..itH*k, if II .. ,. . . i . . . , .^ .... „. , to 

Ui«> ShcnAinloti)) Vnllcy , what tlu< ilrril i^ooti iM thi« k«'y if tiiu lock i« 
broken If I cnu't liavi« thoM* tntopn 8«»iul on my Hucx"*««»or." 
Gt'Ufnil Hookor'M KUix^>HMi»r ap|Mtm<<l tlit< n«>xt inomiofr. the 
twenty «>ii?hth (lay of Juno, in the furmof Cieueral Mi«iU\ and ua 
' ' .. (f^n 

quart«>rH from Frfdoriok ' 

mii- 1 *n. tlif 

eofrint'^'rH mail** a fr<*n«rnl mir- 
yvy «»f th«» ix>untry— a place 
cal\v*\ Pti>*» rr>-'k H.'urhtB. 

wh. "1 

to 1 ' 

far .1 : 

tyMlttiri:. li wna » U)< 
It wa«* not n •»'■•"■ ■: 



bv oith« 



oth<ir. 

ha<i„ 
bonr. 

bar 

wa> 



fX|M<CtO(l 

•t|».. 8.1 
.»f <M 

lit 
.. . ,.^'-^ 
It 
<\\ t»f two ^n<at 
k* towanl «'»rh 
•f timo only aa 



rn 




Vf 



taetofTctli- ' 
_ . . ., /-'.Idfifteun nr.i- H - 

Yoa will oImmvitu \jc>« luul (Todo by and beyuod < 



ia only ncTfutyfivc miUw aonth of U«'ttynbunr. 
li«ved \\' ", ' , o . f 
mch W!i 



It 



then bo- 
t,aod 

MltiM> 



doty of 



of our army to keep our army bet* 



14 



GettyHhunj: Ilmr I he Battle mas Fought. 



the enemy and the Capital of the Nation. Hence, the reason why 
General Meade expected to make ])attle at tliat time and plju^e 
on the thirtietli of June. General Meade sent (ien<!ral lie j'nokls, 
who was eommandinp: the left winp: of our army, forward on a 
reconuoisance, with instnietion to find the enemy, liring- on an 
enfifa^ement and fall back to Pipe Creek Heig-hts. Such were his 
instructions. General Reynolds moved so rapidly that a portion 
of his command reached Gettysburg: on the evening of tlu; thii-tieth 
of Jime — Buford's division of cavalry, two briprades, Gamble's and 
DeviMi's. General Bufordi'odf^throupfh the town and out the Cham- 
bei-sburs" pike, a mile west of tli(> town, and encamped for the ni^ht, 
picketing- all roads approachiu f;: Gettysburg-. Gam ble's brigade — 
Eighth Illinois, Twelfth Illinois, Third Indiana, Eighth New 
York — occupying the Chambersburgpike, while Deven's brigade. 

Seventeenth Pennsylvania, 
Ninth New York, Sixth New 
York, Third West Virginia- 
occupied the Mummasburg road 
The left wing of our army con- 
sisted of the First, Third and 
Eleventh corps and Buford's di- 
vision of cavalry. General Rey- 
nolds advanced the First corps 
w\> the Emmittsburg road to 
Marsh Creek, five miles south 
of Gettysburg, and the Third 
and Eleventh corps to Emmitts- 
burg, ten miles south of Get- 
tysl)urg. In the evening Gen- 
n-al Meade sent the Fifth army 
r^is across the country to 
Preliminary position, first (hiy. Hanover, fourteen miles south- 
east of Gettysl)urg, and during the night the Twelfth coit>s was^ 
advanced \x\^ the Baltimore i)ike to Littlestown, ten miles from 
Gettysburg. Now, you will observe that the advance only of our 
army was covering a country in width from twenty-five to thirty 
miles, viz: From Hanover, fourteen miles southeast, west to 
Ijittlestown, ten miles south ; thence west to Emmittsburg, ten 
miles south ; thence north to Marsh Creek, five miles south ; 
thence to Gi'ttysburg. Such were the movements of the troops 
of both armies en route to Gettysburg, and such their general 
positions the night before the battle began. 




J CO 



•^urtf: Hou 



15 



TIk' b«ttl<^ commoaoixl (^Arly in Uxo in<imiiifr <>( July lal, on 
th.'Chai ' ' ' 1 • « w . . .. . 

t«t<(M) 1 . il 

H(«U)'h iliviMiiin of infiiiitry, of Hill h i-oqtH. (hir (*avnir>' wimtii*- 

motr • ' ■ \ that l«-.l tl»f t-ni'my U> \ ' •' • •' > ' - • 

our . .uitl, owii)^ toth«*Mtuh)M>! 

caUttMi tiifin U* U^liovt* Umt then' wait n lnr>:i> f(in-«> in t 
Qftneml Htifonl hiul Ium h(*iMli|tiart«<rN iu tho cu|m)Ia of ;..• K.^. 
eran Tlu'olo^nf^ St'iuinnrv* luiililinir. whcro lio coiiltl two tho 
lDo%*i*rofutA of till* tr(M>|>M of ' ind ho Hkilftilly <li<l ho 

maoouvcr our Hinall font* tif .i . . avalry. that he t^auiiod 

the em>inv to ilolay until tlioy i^ouM (rot tlioir artillon' up in pofti 
tion ' throuirh all th«« ! '•«»(» 

peii' i .'ii» in»*antiin«' tin- - ri«MHl 

to a n>irnlAr volley. About nine o'clock Gunerul livynolda airiTed 



by th. 


• rj: 


ruatl, at . 


Mtl 


half in 


atlYance of 


» 


yr nxle 


i 


it the 


town autl out tlie Cham 


Iwrabuiv 


pik(< to tlie 


■eminary 1 


MiiMintr. (Uiil 


there in' 


1 (ien 


eral Bui. 


.. Ihen it 


wiM that tho ea|rl<' (*>'*' 




took in the 




..: a Hinfrle 


fHanoe. It 


waM then he 


•ent w. 


ourier 


iMck U) * 


.Memle 


thai the 


heiirhta of 


t ■ 


. the 




Tliiii 


waa approved 6i by 


oacli 


'OnUBMMkv 


T»V 


nmfflnnlly 




..1 




bofx pike at aii ha*- 



16 



Gettyahury: How the Battle was Forufhi. 



ardH until sudi time as he could reinforce him. lleynolds 
realized the fact that the enemy was there in force, and it was 
only a question of time as to how long^ he could hold them in 
check; but he knew the lonj^fer he could l)aftle the enemy the 
nearer the Army of the Potoma<; would ^oi ; he knew at the same 
time that the time would come when he would have to fall back, 
hence he saw the necessity of fortifying: East Cemetery Hill; 
and while on his way back throu^j^h th»3 town in pursuit of troo])8 
he instructed his statf that as soon as troops can be spared they 
must be placed on Cemetery Hill. He rode out the Emmittsburg- 
road about a mile, and met the first division of his o^\^l corps — 
General Wadsworth's division of two brigrades. He at once 
turned them from the road w^estward toward Seminary Ridg-e, 




First Day — SituaiioJi at 11 n. in. 

double-quicking- them across the fields, thence north along the 
ridge to the Chambersburg pike, thence west a half-mile to the 
second ridge, which runs parallel with Seminary Ridg-e, the first 
brig^adc turning south and the second brigade north. The sec- 
ond brigade, under command of General Cutler — Fifty-sixth 
Pennsylvania Volunteers, Seventy-sixth New York, Ninety -fifth 
New York, One Hundi-ed and Forty-seventh New York, the 
Fourteenth Brooklyn and Seventh Indiana, was moved north 
across the old raihroad cut, and relieved the cavalry, which 



firayahmry: iiotr Ike Unit 



IT 



Wttit tht'ii n>iuouiiUHl iui«l diotimI odf fnrthrr to thr riirl ' 

K. ^ k r,. . I (• ' ' ' ' ' ' i 

- 1 . ' ' 1 1 ^' ! I . • . I ■ 1 . 1 ; r ■ \' 

A. SniiiiiI ( lutoil SlnU^ tkTv MUitioDMl (in «<itii«*r mil** (>f tli«< piko. 

i»ar til. *' '" ■ ' ' -H Th.' firKt l.r ' 

iiihikI •)! ' .•mil tut tli<> <)l*l I 

(onif <1 III iiiM* on tli«* ('(Mt HitU* of II hickory ^m 

• -Ml. Sixth WJK. •• S«>v««nth WiM4*(inMiii, N 

Tufnty foiirt -:in. It ih th«>n that ( t 

ii«»«l th«» frtHit. Voii will ol»H«T\*«' l^uihh-ihiy « ■ 
liiii>l <h\iNion, Fintt «*or|)H, hut on th«< tinit of Ji... . 
Hiut in i*«tmmHn(l of th«* Firat corpA, lt«*vnohh« commit 



> 'f Confith'nit*' troo|>ii tontinir in thi* piki* n mih* diHtaiit. Tli 



1 .. 



of tiinU>r ofcuitit^l by RfynoKln with tbo Iron brigade. Th«* 



•t 



..J, 






unuli* wha moYtnl forwnnl on the nouth huIi*, andowin^ t4iihc onn- 

tour of t' ' \ ' I hi not («f«> thiH tuovfmt'nt. iui<l mm 

Anht-r • '»•' 

Iron bri^«h> wiiMmlvancttl wtitt 

^'. " * ' V nm. 

up in 

rt«r of Anh««r*H bn^rnthv (HImt 

' - - in frt»nt Ar- 

.u'h<*«l thr €«D- 

t< r of tii<> ^rnivt*. an«l wiut com 

.11 1 I ...1... ..,..i...i..,„ 

. . V 

r.;..i imt\ to mir trmx, ArvhtT 

. . » . 1.-,^^ t,, Douhlj. 

him. fiayint:: 

.'III to MM* y (Ml.' 

I am not a 
to aiN» you. air 




Ii> 



I . r^ iif th«' (lay hail o<xMirT»ii to I. 
•f.;.w . i. :*»* honnv "♦ •* ' f the hu L . 



thA 



18 



Getiysbnr<j : lime the Battle was Fought. 



iiifx anxioiiKly back for more troops, hv was killod instantly 
a few minutes ])ast ton o'clock, a ball having- passed in at 
one side of his head and came out at the other. He fell from 
his horse and never spoke. General Doubleday then as- 
sumed command of all the troops. Then it is that Davis" 
Mississippi brif^ado charg-es doun from the nonh on the rig-ht 
tlank of Cutler's brigade, and drives back the same, doubling 
up the line and capturing the Que Hundred and F(n-ty- 
seventh New York regiment. Colonel Fowler, of the Fourteenth 
Brooklyn, and Ninety-fifth New York, rallied the men on the 
Chambersbuvg pike. Doubleday sent him the Sixth "Wisconsin 
regiment, and they charged back, recapturing the One Hun- 
dred and Forty-seventh New York regiment and drove Davis' 








^mM^- 




Qiihs 



Lee's Headquarters, Chambershurg Pike. 

Mississippi brigade into the old railroad cut, where they sur- 
rendered. The second division having now reached the front, 
General Robison with two more brigades, commanded by Gener- 
als Paul and Baxter, was ordered northward to extend the lino. 
General Paul had scarcely reached the front when he was shot 
through both eyes, yet he lived imtil a few years ago. Paul's 
brigade— One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania volunteers, 
Sixteenth Maine, Thirteenth Massachusetts, Ninety-fourth New 
York and One Hundred and Fourth New York. Baxter's brigade— 



ii.ttxjsi.H,., II -u- '■ . ; l!» 

lUuTPuth iN'iiiwylrnntA viiluiiU«*ni, £ifriity-«*i|?htli iVnnaylvniim 

\ ' •■;='•■ • ■,.,,■ 

\ , - 

:;t<<i till* MuliiuuiAlMirir nMul m tiiuu Uj oluutrt^> aud cnptun* th«- 

irti.fhvn-.iiHhr ' ' I!' * ' ' ' 

* north. In tlti- ! 

ilh UM l>v aiiy im^iutH. Our luMMti \u\\ 

•■' '' ' - -tul now our IjntU'ii'- 

1 .r Hut th." ThinJ 

diviHion prvi|>«'r. i 

<*<>inmiinil of I'olo;,. . 1. ~ ..; .- .. ... ... 

:i that tlinvtion. luitl prevoni the cnfmy from tlAukinir. i 
t' 1 and Twfiity fir>*t 1' 

!. i Forty fxxoml IVuu-- . . 

\r\\\ and Fiftv-tinit PonuMylvania voluntcwrs and (uirktit^Ui N' ' 

, wnii known an the Old Bucktjul brijnulo— One Huu>lptl 

ruunMylvanin voluutcerK They wen* «mU>rKi to chjuvi* out tbt> 



/. I 



liM- -^ I It .. ? •! iwi'lve humirtni iht-y loKt • :, 

' ' . \\\\t III Kiiiol, woumUtl and captuml, aiin .m m i 

1> ^ lnw'k t ' pr»»|xt 

!• -d n ^ ... -5-"- 

y -» th«» hni' ?> 

• And. 

..., ,,^ ..,,.1 . 

'•I hohl tli<> Hnino, vet ho n. 



•U and onU'm thrm on throairfa the t 
t<>tt<I<Hl tlint t form on the ng\\i of tho 

T .... ,^,^ 

■ . '11. 

;» 1.^1 to form at nffht anifli^ «>itli tho Fimt ror)*^ the mrfat < : 



20 



Oettyshurg: How the Battle was Fought. 



the line restiuf? on Ilock crook, north of the poor hoi^se, 
witli General Burlow's First dvision on the ripht and Colonel 
Von Gilsa's brig-ade on the rig-ht of the division — Forty- 
fii-st Now York, Fifty fourth New York, Sixty ^'ij^'lith 
New York, and One Hundied and Fifty-third Pennsylvania 
volunte<ns; General Ames' brij^ade on the left — Seven- 
teenth Connecticut, Twenty-fifth Ohio, Seventy-fifth Ohio, and 
One Hiuicb-ed and Seventh Ohio ; the Tliird division, which is 
now in command of General Schimmelfennin^; the Second 
brigade, commanded by Colonel Kryzanowski, on the ri^irht of 




Pennsylvania <'ollefje (Presnit Tiuifdinfj), used as a Hospital, 

the division- -Fifty -eig-hth New Y'ork, One Hundred and Nine- 
teenth New York, Eighty-second Ohio, Seventy-fifth Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers, and Twenty-sixth Wisconsin ; with Colonel 
Yau Amburg's First brigade on the left — Seventy-fourth Penn- 
sylvania volunteers, " Sixty -first Ohio, Eighty -second Illinois, 
Forty -fifth New York and One Hundred and Fifty-seventh New 
York. The Eleventh corps line was supported bj' "^lieeler's 
New York, Dilger's Ohio, Heckman's Ohio and Wilkinson's 
Foiu'th United States batteries. You will obsers'e that the 
Eleventh corps is a mile north of Gettysburg, and is facing 
north ; the First corps on Seminary Kidge is facing west, but 
the Eleventh Corps does not extend far enough westward to 
connect with the First coq^s. A long vacant space existed, 
which the enemy soon took advantage^ of. In the meantime the 
Second division. Eleventh corps, arrived and were placed by 



liattU uu* f\tmfkt. 



91 



(ti-tiiTnl H«.wiirii on ( ■.•ini'UTv Hill. irh«»n» Uwy threw ap<«rtb* 
workh tiint Htill nMuiuii. It i ■ - • » ' i 

tlioUMUiil iitcii (if our nnuy <i> ,( 

trtxj|m (»f I^i-'h. \\v \uu\ Uhjo cuntouiiuiif it|nuu«t Uii«o odds 




< t rvlucUotiy. 8Uttuir<*br's diriskm on Otm^leiy Hill. 



22 Gettysburg : iloio the JJattlc was Fought. 

of two ])rip:ados, as follows: First ])rig-a(le, Colonol (Foster — One 
Huudi'ecl Jiud Thirty-fourth Now York, Quo Hundred and Fifty- 
fourth New York, Twenty-sov(>nth Pennsylvania volunteers, 
Seventy-third Pennsylvania volunteers; the Second i)riprade. 
Colonel Smith — Thirt^'-thinl Massachusetts, One Hundred and 
Thirty-sixth New York, Fifty-tifth Ohio, Seventy-third Ohio, are 
now called on to reinforce the Eleventh corps, and a portion of 
Costers brig-ado is now ordered forward — the Twenty-seventh 
and Seventy-third Pennsylvania volunteers. It was then that 
General Slocum, commander of the right wing, moves forward 
his own corps, the Twelfth, like Napoleon of old, not waiting for 
marching orders. He marches to the sound of the guns. Two 
miles southeast of Gettysburg he leaves, the pike, and starts over 
the hills east of Gettysburg, but before he can reach the front 
the retreat takes place. You remember that Early was on the 
York road the nig-ht before. When he reached in sig-ht of the 
battle-field ho detached two brig-ades — Gordon's and Hays' — 
and sent them across the fields westward, placing- General Gor- 
don in front of the rig-ht of the Eleventh corps line, and Hays' 
brigade on the right fiank along Rock creek, while the other two 
brigades continue on the Y'^ork road into Gettysburg". When 
General Early placed Gordon's brigade in front of General Bar- 
low, the right of Gordon's joined on the left of Rhodes' di^'ision, 
the right of Rhodes' joined on the left of Pender's and the right 
of Pender's joined on the left of Heath's, while Heath's right 
rested on the Hagerstown road, about a mile and a half southwest 
the toAvn. Neither of these four divisions contained less than 
ten thousand men. Our men were almost surrounded. They 
attempted to fall back. General Barlow is wounded and left on 
the field for dead. General Ames takes command of his division. " 
The men become confused, and finally both the First and 
Eleventh corps came back, panic-stricken and demoralized, 
pell moll into the town from the north and from the west, only to 
land on the points of the bayonets of Smith's and Hoke's bri- 
brigades of Early's division. Then it is that we lopse nearly 
' two thousand prisoners in the town, when they literally mur- 
dered our men, shooting them doAVTi in the streets and alleys, 
showing" them no mercy : when they murdered the lamented 
Presbyterian chaplain, Howell, of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania 
volunteers, at the foot of Christ's church steps, on Chambersburg" 
street. Those that can make theii- way as best they can through 



1 1' 'Cjifi'inj : ii'Hi' tnr iininr i / C^ 

lln» t«>wii niid an>uu(l th«' town, «lr ► 

K»n>: -««u I luk t" <'•»"•'• r^ H.n — . ... — ...id 

t)u« workft of St< TliUN oodwl the timt lUy'ii 

l«nttli' Ml .l.ft>at \\ " " 

tlnvi'ii from lUl jn^»u: „ iq 

iho town liiivini? ilto oni'ioy in iKiwioMMioD of Iho name % bat« 

wtt» • ■ ■ ' ..... , % ^^^1 

W(ii; ^** 

that tlio fTi^ioml mural ciToct of tliv tint ilay'H batUu waa fOvaUy 
a«nuu»t our army. 

-^ ;^P- - 



lit 



yl 



w_"5^ 



r 

, . T ■ * "njr 

Uu„ . ..... - . r'> 

•olthiT. (.K-ni'ml HauctK'k, arrived. (K'ueral Moad«, bavinir 

l«i- '' ' ' * to 

rii- I ' . ">• 

mand. Him v«*ry appoaranco on Cemetery Htli ai(lf<«l frruatiy in 

can ■' 

iny lh«»n U»o aupi-nor ortiwr. Ufni-nU Haiutw-k r «i iht* 

r: ' "-' thi'li n»«h» Uu'k ii..» ...K't>t to 

I,,. ml M'<«M)n Tlion it van ttial 

M. n«.i up t - m will 

o»- • • " ....>i. . i:. Uiat oar 

ent 1 up to < ' r|?. autl until tliat time 

the m«n who i«tnun?l«'<l •«» heruK^y the fiml tUy weiv joal aa 



24 



Gettysburg: How the Battle icas Fowjht. 



liable to be sent back to Pipe Creek Heigrhts as the mou 1 )fiok 
there were liable to be sent to Gettysburj^. General Meade 
moved up with his staff and arrived on or about midnigrht, and 
established his headquartfsrs on the west side of the Tawneytown 
road, just south of Cemetery Hill, and as troops arrived in the 
nig-lit they were placed in position on the morning,' of the second 
of July. It was expected that Lee would certainly follow up his 
victory from the nig-ht before, but, for some reason unknown to 










i'^' 












the writer, he 
did not see fit 

^♦^2, ^ ^^ '*^' ^^^ 

2, \k that g-ave Gen- 

/-^ eral Meade a 
chance to make 
manj' chanfres, 
andtostreupfth- 
en our lines in 
n u m e r o us 
places. There 
was but litt]e 
or no fig-hting- 

Meade' f. Headquarters, Tawneytown Road, Front View. ^^ O 11 ^ on the 

morning- of the 
second day. The fonnation of the line of battle on the second 
and third day was in shape similar to a fish-hook, the short end 
resting on Rock Creek, a mile and a half southeast of Cemetery 
Hill, being the right of our line ; while the long end, resting on 
Eound Top, two and a half miles south of Cemetery Hill, was 
the left of our line ; Cemetery Hill formed the curve of the 
hook. The Confederate hue was a similar shape only a much 
larger hook, they being the outer line. On the morning of the 
second day our line was formed in the following order: The 
Twelfth corps on the right, with Williams' division on the right 
of the corps, in command of General Ruger, as "Williams was 
then in command of the corps. Slocum being in command of the 
right wing ; the Third brigade. Colonel Colgi'ove in command, on 
right of the division. Thirteenth New Jersey, Third Wisconsin, 
Second Massachusetts, Twenty-seventh Luliana and One Hun- 
dred and Seventh New York ; First brigade, Colonel Mac- 
dougal. Forty-sixth Pennsylvania volunteers. One Hundred and 
Forty-fifth New York, One Hundred and Twenty-third New 



York. Tliinl Man'liuul. Twmitifth <V>iiii<'«'ttrui mad Fifth Oimi 

I- :■- 1. . - 1 , -•.- : --,.-- -- „. 

fore to pn«vpnt any HorjiriM^ from th«* fni'tuy on our l«*ft t! ■ 

I • ' • • ■ 

foUowH: Hocoiui hnfrnd**. i*«*ii('ntl Tltonuui L. Kaih*. T«' 

• >liinu<«TN ; FirHt iinf?»tli>. ColoiK'l CtuirltM l^uitly. Fifth <' 

-> ■ ■ •' <>' 1 * •' Ohio. »> ti . i ■ > > , 

1 • •TH, 'l\v 

Hiiiui S: Ohio; Thinl in 

.<-, Oijf li ....... .i ami Thirtv ^. .. »■■... ■■ • 

II i juiii Fiirtv !»inth Nfw York. ' Iri^il tan\ Sf««iii.l 

NfW York nil- i N«'W Y<»rk 

i . thi' Hummit of 1'..., . ...1. thr wc*ml.-»l 

hill vtuii of tl rx. Joiniiiir on tht> li<ft of (tfar\''i( diTiiiioii 



niXM>klvn. N I Now Y'ork One Hun«ln««l and h' 

V oihI I 

I . . (irnoi 

~^ixth WiH<x>nHin, S(h>oiu1 Wineoiiflin, Niii«>t«<<«nth Iiuliana, Tki< 



;:roTo, fonninir the carvt» of tbo tiAtihttok. Fir^t i, 

^ 1 ^ . 1 V . 1 1 > - ( 









th Now York. tiu\ 


« 1 • >l K 


I'll— 1 


.' !• 


HarriH. - 


th <'-.. 


1 ltM> 


li 


fin.l S 



aiul 1 rth Nf«w Y'ork. ihw lluii(ln<«l nn«l 



1 briiradf'. G>lon«*l Kryiaiiowaki. Twoty-aixth 



26 Gctiysltiirij : How tlie Battle was Fuuyld. 

Wisconsin, Soventy-fifth Pennsylvania volunteers, Ei<^hty-8econd 
Ohio, One Huudrod and Nineteenth New York, Fifty-eij^hth 
New York. On the left of this division was the S<'Cond bripfade 
of the Second division. Colonel Orlando Smith, Fifty-fifth Ohio, 
Seventy-third Ohio, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth New York, 
Thirty-third Massachusetts. On the left of the Eleventh corps 
was the Stjcond and Third divisions of the First corps, extcndinfr 
the line throuprh and south of Zeig-ler's "frove. Second division, 
General llobiuson, Second brig-ade. General Baxter, Eleventh 
]\'nnsylvania volunteers, Eig-hty-eigrhth Pennsylvania volunteers. 
Ninetieth Pennsylvania volunteers, Ninetj' -seventh New York, 
Eig-hty-third New York, Twelfth Massachusetts ; First briprade, 
Colon(>l Coulter, One Hundred and Seventh Pennsylvania volun. 
teers, One Hundred and Fom*th New York, Ninety-fourth New 
Y'ork, Thirteenth Massachusetts, Sixteenth Mai^e ; Third di- 
vision, General Rowley, First brig-ade. Colonel Biddle, One 
Hundred and Fifty-first Pennsylvania volunteers, One Hundred 
and Forty-second Pennsylvania volunteers, One Hundred and 
tweuty-fii'st Pennsylvania volunteers. Eightieth New York ; 
Second brigade, Colonel Dana, One Hundred and Forty-third 
Pennsylvania volunteers, One Huucked and Forty-ninth Penn- 
sylvania volunteers, One Hundred and Fiftieth Pennsylvania 
volunteers ; Third brig-ade, General George J. Stanard, Twelfth, 
Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Vermont, the 
Twelfth and Fifteenth being absent g-uarding trains. On the 
left of these two divisions was the Second corps, Genenil AVin- 
field S. Hancock, with the Third division on the right. General 
Alexander Hays, First brigade, Colonel Carrol, Fourteenth In- 
diana, Fourth Ohio, Eighth Ohio, Seventh West Virginia ; Sec- 
ond brigade, Colonel Smyth, Fourteenth Connecticut, First 
Delaware, Twelfth New Jersey, Tenth New York, battalion One 
Hundred and Eig'hth New Y'ork : Third brigade, Colonel 
Williard, Thirty-ninth New Y'ork, One Hundred and Eleventh 
New York, One Hnnth-ed and Twenty-fifth New York, One Hun- 
dred and Twenty-sixth New York ; Second division. General 
John Gilibon, Second brigade. General Alexander S. Webb, 
Seventy-first Pennsylvania volunteers. Seventy -second Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers, Sixtj'^-ninth Pennsylvania volunteere. One 
Hundred and Sixth Pennsjdvania volunteers : Third brigade. 
Colonel N. J. Hall, Fifty-ninth New York, Forty-second New- 
York, Seventh Michig-an, Twentieth Massachusetts, Nineteenth 



t«<«'ntli Miiiitf. Fift4>«>ntli ^! uH«'ttM. Fjn»t v- 

»*v*»iriil N«'» Y<»rk. Firnt ....^...u <»n l««ft o(».., |.-. ... : . , ,i ., i' 
l*nl«lwi'll, Fint lihtriuU*. Coloinl F^lwnnl F (*r«MN Fifth Vrw 
H:r - nit Niw York. ' ' m 

\olu.: . .... : I'... Iluiiilntl aiuI 1 ... .^.... ia 

viiiuiit4H«ri ; Hecond briinulo. Twi>iit,v^«i»:}ith ^ •,. 

Sixtvthinl N.'w Y Nfw Y r|j 

Niw York. (>!>•• Huii! ^ thl*iim». :.^. 

Tliinl bh^(l«\ (ti'ui'ml Saniut*! H. 7ak\, Fifty «mx)iu1 N«»w York. 
n- •■ V V • •- •• ^ •• • r^ ■■ -,.,1 

.U: : , . .1 

1( HnmkM. Twontv H«>vi>nth iVmnocticut, S<»coiul Dt^lawari*, Sixty 
f.Mirth N.«w Y ' 1 •' -' ' IV ' • = . ,e 

Iluittlntl iiiitl 1 I I I nl 

fXjqNi, untliT iximnmiui of Mnjor lH<ui>nU Ihiuicl )L HicklflA, wan 

to have fomii«(l on the h'ft of tli«» Svoml .- — * • Mji* 

hue Houthwanl t«) Uoiiiul Tt)p. but on thi ,.1 

<t«>n«'nil Sicklrtt tlim'ovi>nHl that the grotuui on the KmmittMburir 

n»a«l in his fnmt in a murh higher ri ' ' • >- •• - ■ -in. 

Not «li«eininp it a*lviHahh» to allow * •, f 

(TP ■ not i*oii le |«» fortn on 

tin .... . llanitH'k, ;. . ..: . . .^....,, ^.i. .!,».. 

ativaiK^tl wetitwanl to Uip Einmitt^lmiv nxul, thi. 
■>•*• of a ' 

: 1 -;ul HaUi < ... 

Ilj(l|re and S(«ruiimr>' Ki<liri* m^' nearly 
one mil' 

em'h ot ; . i 

aoulh. The Fminittithurir niml U^nrH 




l*«iM^h < »n hani. ilie Thinltxiqwi wa« 

rewA li 



/ 



l;^ 



t(«enth ^I 'ii Now Hjun|M}iin*. El«T««tjth N«w 



28 



Getiyshnrg : J loir tin' lint I It- was Fuiujht. 



Jersey, Eiji^htj'-fourtb Pennsylvania volunteers. The latter regi- 
ment was pfuanlin^"- the C()ri)S trains, and not enj^'ap^ed in the 
battle. Second bripide, Colonel A\'illiani R. Brewster, Seven- 
tieth, S(!venty-tirst, Seventy-second, Seventy-third, Seventy- 
fourth, One Hundred and Twentieth New York ; Third brifratle. 
Colonel Georg-e C. Burling:, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eiphth 
New Jersey, Second New Hampshire, One Hundred and 
Fifteenth Pennsylvania volunteers. Joining on the left of the 
Second division was the right of the First division, General 
David B. Birne\', eoniinanding. First brigade, General Graham 
on right of division, One Hundred and Fifth Pennsylvania volun- 
teers. Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania volunteers. One Hundred and 
Fourteenth Pennsylvania volunteers, Sixty-third Pennsylvania 
volunteers, Sixty-eighth Pennsylvania volunteers. One Hundred 
and Forty-first Pennsylvania volunteers, extending the line on 
the Emmittsburg road to the south side of the Peach Orchard. 

There our line was refused 
to the left or turned to the 
left and continued east- 
ward to Devil's Den, at the 
^ west base of Round Top. 
Third brigade, Colonel De 
Trobriaud, on left of Gra- 
ham, Third Michigan, 
Fifth Michigan, Fortieth 
New York, One Hundred 
and Tenth 
Pennsylvania 
volunteers, 
^ Seventeenth 
Maine ; 
Second bri- 
gade, General 
Ward, oh left 
of De Trobri- 
and, Twen- 
tieth Indiana, 




n nuniled artillery hnrsi 



lit (he Pcai'h Orchiiril. 

Eighty-sixth New Y'ork, One Huncbred and Twenty -fourth New 
York, Niutity-ninth Pennsylvania volunteers. Third Maine, 
Fourth Maine, First and Second United States sharpshooters. 
Y'^ou will observe there is no support on the right or left tlank 



(irttythurtf Htnv Ihr lUUtU utis /'«m</A/ 

uf the Thml (<oqNi aiul no iroMpn in tvmr ot it Our FifUi mmI 

Sixth I Ntill marehiutr and nn« y<>t ' ' awny 

It in w 'Hiinl iHtqin im out itt t) k iui«l 

(•spo>i«'«l |HMiti<>n, in the Hhn|)«< uf n » •■. tiuit ihry «n< At 

tiU'kiHl l>y tli«> «>ni>iny. But lut you n.... i.n. •' ' • ' 

our liti«< (»f Iwittlf, 1 will fiinn tin* lim* of tli" < 
at n iMiint nt^tirly n mil*' m>utli of I 

■ - w.timn* Ki«lp* north to th<> Ncminui ^ 

thnuitrli thi* t«>wn, tlii'nc** iwHithifuit to Kock Cn^jk, n. 

Fipit ior|m. (ft<iii>ml I. hi, aii«l 1 n 

vihion «)n rijrht of i-orp-. , :^ in lh«* .:^f 

imU'r: litiwH Alalnuim liriinuU*. Itoln'iiMin's Toxaii bnl?n<l(^ An* 
■ I. ■ ,. ,\ 

C«t«oivia hriKi^lt', Wolfonl'ii Qeonnn bh|r>ul*\ BnrkmUlo'ii Mii* 

• 1' • ..■ • . :' . . . , ^ 

wniroD train. On the Ifft of l4ontn«tri'<'t wan Ui«« 'Himl (<ur|Ni, 

r: : A. r. If" • ' ' ■' *' " - 

^.viz: \\ 

On tht« li'fi of Ami<'>nM)n wiu* IVmivrH (iivnuon of four imtnuii'H, 
' ' rrin'K, I AnoH. S<»nli''»i, 
On l.ft of r.na.T 

waH Ht'ath'H (liviHion. Ho 
orifriiially ha«l four lihiradoa. 
You n-nn'mU-r \w loat on«» 
linc"«I< rntin* (An'hfrV) antl 
th«' >:T«at«r part of I>a\iH* Miw 
KiMii|i|ii liriLTiuli' in ilit* niilniuil 
out H .f 

t h ri' » . . i; tr 

oujrh'a. IN'ttiiTTfw'H and Davia*. 





'fj 



wiUi HhiMhfi' tbviaioQ ou Uio 
-' ve hripMlm : Danirla. 

and Dolra'. whirii oxti'mU Uh» <»«•••«•'<> ••«m, mi tMm 

! ' th<' NomiiuuT 

li th«« ci'nt«'r of OottynhurK <Hi the Wt of 
Khodra, in fniot of Gomolvry Hill waa tlarlya diriaioo of four 



30 



(ieHyshni\j: lloiv tli<x JJaltlc was F«nujht. 



britrados, Gordon's, H?iy«', Sniitli's iiiid Hoke's. .Toinintj on tho 
It'ft of Early, in front of Culp's Hill, and (•xtondiiijc the lino to 
Koc'k Creek and across the same, was Johnson's division of four 
J brifjades, Jones', Williams', Walker's and Stuart's, fonnin^r a 
solid line of battle nearly six miles in lenfj^th, and composi-d of 
thirty-four brip^ades. Such was the fonuation on the second day. 
With the ai-tillery of both armies stationed on the elevated 
and commanding- positions, while the cavalry (the eyes of an 
army) are gfuardins" the Hanks, General Lee's jilan of attack on 
the second day was to attack both flanks and the center at one 
and the same time. Long-street's corps being- on hisrig-ht, facing- 
our left, was to advance and turn our left flank ; and Ewell's 
corps being-, on his left, facing our rig-ht, was to move forward 
and turn back our rig-ht flank, while Hill's corps would advance 
and strike a crushing blow on our center. But the third corps 
of our armv ha^nng- g-one out to the Emmittsburg- road and 



^''i.^^'t^'tH Htt'i'+ 1 t + l-t^ 




yro1e:From A toX'ixjvjrt OntXlU 



DUtf/raiii of the Attar k on Sicklrs. Srcund Day. 

Peach Oi-chard, in the advanced position became engfag-ed with 
Long-street's corps before he g-ot properly in the position he was 
seeking-, and it soon became necessary for Hill's corps to hurry to 
the rig-ht and reinforce Longstreet. General Sickle's, with the 
Third corps of our ai'my, and the assistance he received, succeeded 
in holding- the two corps of the enemy in check until the evening:. 



wh«>u uiir FifUi iwil SizUi ctiriHi roacht'il Uj«« ficUL The rranlt 

•l.Jf" -T II-.- 1 ! ... I 

! I 

uu our n^lit. 1 ho imitl** «-«in)ni«*DciHl on tho M>ci>uii lUy u»t 
3 o'rl«»»'k III tlu' ftfl«'nuioii. Tlu' tnttli* Iwimn ti. - •' '" ' 
()nlii»r<l «n«l th«' K?niiiiltM!inrw' n>»Ml Tliri-«« lir 

nNuL.w .- .... . . . (. . ..^ i , ^ 

iHiqm, of i>ur nrrav. Soon the* iMittlr (•xtfiiihtl iil 
)in<< of r 

PiiuhOi . . .. :..: .- - . i 

I>i*ii At tiiJit time you will olMt'ivu tliat Uif Ktocviml di'> 

, , t; . ■ T- ■ ■■ ■ -■ 

and unicre Qoucml Huiuplin*yri to thmw Imrk tbv left of bw hn*' 



it iit that (n'lU'nU liiirkmlalt'. with tho Fourth hntnuic of Mcl^w h 
-'•'•• ,.f th.' I* ' f» ' I 

. . lUltl »- 1 

in tlnviii)? imck tiu« riirht think of Humphn'VH tiivnuon: aotl 

^, I 1 1. . .. . .... .1 .-. 1 I. » ... 1 .1. . •]• •!-. I....1 I. ^ 



(■^ W lilunl M Ni'W \oik ill 



1 1 ■ 'ill < 'HI 1 ■ 

t)«-|ilA mill tl 



ft 


f 


n». 
utl 


M 


for tho /^ 

of \ J 


fr 


N 


a 








■r 



s ami leiU Captain /.o»?;«r*#i in imj. 

1 '- ' V '■ Mawchoiietlabatt - " • 

iwl bark, ho mo*>-. 
anti. II I 'Ui L«tt«'r>'. tbat b<* U)u»i stey tintw 



32 



OellyHhunj: How Ihc liatlle was Fotujht. 



Captain Bi^clow atonco turned four of liis «,nins west toward tlie 
Emmittsbur^' roiul on IJurksdalc's advancing troops, while 
he keeps the other two g-uus southward firinj^ upon Kershaw, 
Wolford and Semmes. Captain liijjTlow remained out there until 
after our troops were driven in from his front, and U)V quite 
awhile without any support whatever, out of his six guns he lost 
four, out of seven ser«r<'ants lie lost six, of four commissioned 
officers he lost tliree, inchuling" hims(;lf wounded, and out of 
eig-hty-eight horses he lost eighty. The next troops that are 
se(m advancing rapidly to the lescue of the Third corps are 
Lockwood's Maryland Independent briprade, accomj)auied by 
General Meade, and some of these troops charged as far as the 
loop and the Peach Orchard, but, like their comrades, are hurled 
back by overwhelming numbers. Then it is that Creneral 
Hancock double-quicks tlie First division, Second army corps, 
to the left — four brigades, viz: .Cross', Kelly's', Zook's and 
Brooke. Colonel Cross commanding the Fii'st brigade, belonged 
to the Fifth New Hampshire regiment, and on the morning 
of July second he said to some of his fellow-officers: "Gentle- 
men, I will win a star on this field to-day orilie in the eflfort." 
He charged his brigade across the famous wheat field in front 
of Round Top, and reached the edge of the woods beyond, when 
he fell mortally wounded. He died in great agony during that 

night. He had a brother — a 
line officer in the same reg-iment 
— whom he begged of to blow 
out his brains or loan him his 
revolver that he might end his 
sufterings. 

The Second brigade was 
known as the Irish brigade. 
The chaplain was a priest, and 
at the edge of the wheat field 
he signaled to the commander, 
General Kelly, to halt the com- 
mand. The command was halt- 
ed, and there and then the priest 
General Zook\% Monument. mounted a rock amidst the ter- 

rible storm of deadly missiles and ofi'ered a brief prayer. As the 
word, Amen, fell from his lips the word forward fell from the lips 
of Kelly, and on the Irish brigjide charged over the wheat field 



^^'li^ 




33 



aotl throoirh tlu* tiinlM*r iH^vond. Ck>iM*nil Ziiok moTnl (iirwAnl 



• if th<* 


?'-,»k 


Id 


A 


i:^t 



qn 

*h. ^ ^ I... 

iU«b«Mi fonranl with X\w Fourlii linira<li>. rnwMNl Ui** 

■ ' !• ^ ,. -^ 

UctienU WiuT^'ii. chief of <'nsin«'«'ni tif oar anny, by i««iu<wt of 

O. ! ' ' '^ ' ' • T = = ' i: • •:• • • -i,^ 

iu>| TQ- 

purtmit iuovi*ni«>iit tif Uu' ont'Oiy. vu : a iJorUun of Howl'ii diri' 
aiou moving; otT fiirthiT to th(« rifritt 

^t«*iii>nil N\ jirpii r«>ali/4xl nt one*' that Hnmi wai* makinf? UuU 
movfiuciit for tht< punHMM* of Mtvuriiiik' Littl«* lUiiimi Top. which 
'^ fi hi|;h nnd ixitumiuiiliii^' |MMitioii, lu-tunlly thf krv <»f th« 





tntopM t«» nr»'Vft!( • 
it lit thi'U tlcit t urn of ti 

O.- - ' '^.ni.-« .. ' •' - 

ait " •» Til- 

th*> ihini 

\\\ « 

li^' 

t«>rtiii<i. lii'it • i)f ( <•( Htaif «•( 

w..iif..5..1 1 V . I.:.'. . ..f hI.. 11 nt M , -. . 

bu' Ivmiiia Toluiit«<«*rH, Fori v fourth 



jr 

i«« 

r'a 

■f 

it- 

Now 



34 Gettyaburtj: How the Battle toaa Fomjht. 



York, Sixteenth Michif^au, Twenti(;th Maine — was detaclu'd and 
bronj^ht back to Round Top, and moved up totlie summit of Lit- 
tle Round Top, just in time to be doublc-cpiieked front into line 
to meet, face to face, the j^eater portion of Law's Alabama l)rigtide 
that came from Lees ri^jht. Vinctmt char<^ed and drov<> Law's 
men down over the boulders into the ravine below. In that move- 
ment Colonel Vincent fell mortally wounded on tli<! south slope 
of Little Round Top. He was carried back to the Jju.shman farm, 
about a mile in the rear, and lived until the morning^of July 7th. 
In the meantime he had been made a bri<^adier ^'eneral by tele- 
graph from Washington before he died. Robertson's Texas 
brigrade and Bennin^s' Georg-ia having- chai'ged into the Devil's 
Den, and left of the Third corps, captured three g-uns of Smith's 
!Fom-th New York battery, forced back and doubled up the left of 
the Third corps line, and reinforced Law's Alabama brig-ade. 
Law's men turn and charge, forcing our men up the hill ag-ain. 
In the meantime Tiltous brigade — Eighteenth Massachusetts, 
Twenty-second Massachusetts, First Michig-an, One Hundred and 
Eighteenth Pennsylvania volunteers — and Sweitzer's brigade — 
Ninth Massachusetts, Thirty-second Massachusetts, Fourth 
Michig-an, Sixty-second Pennsylvania volunteers, have reinforced 
the center of the Third corps, and are hotly contesting the 
g-round in front of the Rose building' When the Second division 
of the Fifth corps reaches the field. General Ayres, command- 
ing — Day, Burbank and Weed — United States regnlaio, except 
AVeed's brigade ; Colonel Day's First brigade — Third, Fourth, 
Sixth, Twelfth, Fourteenth United States. Colonel Burlianks 
Second brig-ade — Second, Seventh, Tenth, Eleventh, Seventeenth 
United States. Third brigade General Weed — One Hundred and 
Fortieth New York, One Hundred and Forty-sixth New Y'ork, 
Ninety-first Pennsylvania volunteers. One Hundred antl Fifty- 
fifth Pennsylvania volunteers. Colonel O'Rorke, with the One 
Hundred and Fortieth New York, was detached by order of 
Warren, and sent to reinforce Vincent's brig-ade on Round Top. 
When they reached the summit they had not time to fix their 
bayonets, but inished front into line on the right of the Twentieth 
Maine, commanded by Colonel Chamberlain. They charg-ed and 
drove Law's men down into the valley below, and maintained 
possession of Little Round To]) ever thereafter. But that is the 
time we came within t<>n minutes of losing Little Roimd Top, 
the key of the field in front beyond a doubt. In that movement 



ColiiUil < » I 

truoptt Umt •Ini^'V"*! tli«< tnin« of lSAtt«>r>' D. Kifth IhiUmI .SIaU«. 

U> Ul(* - ' I . ' !• ml 'I'op I ' ' ' ' !.>|M<M. You 

111 tint r< thi*n* H . icmlitmiju^l 

aTDumi tiuit hill, it U<ini«' utt«*rl,v impowuhlu to iritt^iui tlioro by 
hoptttt : luit w lu'ti they »;ot tiio k^um np tli<* moti euulil not xxm- 



.a 




-I <^ 





^v 



liener-.il Weed atnl LuutftMul Il<tal*l f*U. 



II 


' ^ V wim then in • urn of the I'lirmy. Tlu'ir 


•1 


tliff*' hiwl t I,iltl«' KiMuxl Top iukI 


w. 


xv\ 


wi. 


' , . *m»k 


It-. 


!u>. tuo. 


w . 




U. 


. , 


d. 


1 oar riirlit achmm to - 


Rn'!.;. 


... 


th.r. ir 


_ _ 1 _ _ 1 



kn***baot4TH wi-n* oDtw in pomtion th«* oiM'my t'ould not ex|iofM' 



11 front of IJttlr 
Top •rroMi t < anil thronirh tho voocU t4> tli«> Kn 

u)ut««oiif|r roMl, A dintauo* (>f a inil« T* not nntil tli<* Thini 



36 (Ttftyshniij : IIoiv Hir Itdttlc was Fought. 




division, Fifth corps (Crawford's Pennsylvania Reserves), and three 
bri^udcs, Sixth corps, anivothat wo are able to check the enemy. 
AVlicii the enemy Siiw those men coniinp: (jver thf ridp' nortli of 
llouud Top is the time they exclaim out bc^yond the wheat held ; 
" Great God, how much more have we ^ot to ^o through ?" The 

Third division, Fifth cori)s, General 
Crawford commandinf^ — two brigades, 
First and Third, joined the corps on 
the twenty-eighth of June, the Second 
ljrigad(^ being left in the department 
of Washington. First brigade — Col. 
William McCaudless — First, Second, 
Sixth, Thirteenth Pennsylvania vol- 
unteers ; Third brigade, Col. Josc-ph 
W. Fisher— Fifth, Ninth, Tenth, Ele- 
venth, Twelfth. The Sixth corps 
troops were Second brigade, First di- 
vision. General Joseph J. Bartlett — 
Fifth Maine, One Hundred and 
General Wyiie Crawford. Twenty-first New York, Ninety-fifth 

Pennsylvania volunteers. Ninety-sixth 
Pennsylvania volunteers ; Second brigade, Third division. Col- 
onel H. L. Eustis — Seventh Massachusetts, Tenth Massachu- 
setts, Thii'ty -seventh Massachusetts, Second Rhode Island ; 
. Third brigade. Third division, Colonel D. J. Neven — Sixty -second 
New York, Ninety-third Pennsylvania volunteers, Ninety-eighth 
Pennsylvania volunteers. One Hundred and Second Pennsylvania 
volunteers, One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Pennsylvania volun- 
teers. It is then that Colonel McCandless, of Philadelphia, 
wdtli his brigade, and the Eleventh regiment of Fisher s brig 
ade, closely followed by these three brigades. Sixth corps, 
which had been marching since nine o'clock the night before, 
charg(?d across the meadows and over the valley of death until 
McCandless' brigade reaches and captures the stone wall on 
the east side of the wheat field from the enemy, and hold the 
same from that time on. General Fisher's brigade was moved 
around east of Little Round Top and charged down the ravine 
between the two Round Tops, and Fisher's men fight their way 
foot by foot down and westward until they reach and captiu-e 
Devil's Den, the stronghold which the enemy had taken from the 
Third corps of our army. At midnight they are ordered back to 



11 '. juhI thi'V «'xU>u«l our li: : to ill., vnn- miro- 

111.: . I .^ Itouiid Top III th«« m<...: .....atC the Ul<fht of 

tlie Nccouil. i»ur lin«« of Imtilo whm n*f<im)«<«l biu'k on CVmol«Tr 
I? " HniH^x 

!'• 'In* ttuit •<; . ., . . 

Uio rt<pulM«> of Wriirlit'it Cti<(>ryriA And Pnrry'a FluritU hrijnulMi, 

,1, = . • • ■ • 

11. 

ilie twili^'ht. iiiit iluniifT much of thm tini(> thon* im a fioroo ooo- 

t«-^t ;_' on tlif rijrht «>f our liinv Ewfll's o.r ' ' 

tl« > to oiiTv out their iiiHtnictiouM iiM D'fT > 

of our nirht tlouk. lu KwcH'h ttiqMt, you n'tnomber, iJi I'liuHy'a 

diviKion and J«»hii»«>n'« divinion. Kiirly was * ' — f* - . — ■ 

Hill, whih* JohiiHon would rhaiv (*ulp'H li 

obiien'o IM oAitt of (4'm<>t«<n' liill Hut prior to thrci nfi; 

made they • ' ••-I t4> Ix^ultle t*) tU'UioliKli our k^uw <•,, * . ..i. i«*r>* 

Hill, by p! ;ni>n>UM liHtt4'ri(<M on litmner'H |{ill, a i*omnmud- 

iiifT |>oHitio|i it !i them, 

And th<*ir ^lu.s . i .. . .. .^». . :.. .._ : ^.lu from 

Bt'nner'n Hill hv hand, and almiMt ever\' honi*' thev hiul whm 
kilUl R 'of 

Cfmt'U'ry 1: . , > i_.:iya 

(Uvinon wam ILivh' britrnde. liettiT knotm an Uio LouiHiJUiA Tiitlth. 
Tl • • ^- •■lid 

til' ,11 Mjon 

make their appi<(anu)tH> on tiie aummit of tb« fi«*ld lu front ai 

b. 

th« rann«* from whence they came, for ahvltcr. iiut ilavii' bnfr- 

a.1 " ' T ' - - • ' = ■ • - 

^ m> olorti< iiittt our truui* can- 

II ^ • ■ ' — 'hum u|»on 

til- H HUl Wer.' 

St. 

IT! "•■■• 

til- maiiv of th<*m eo- 

dun^l 

way ti\- . — - , ^ - - 

yeUod and ihAri:«'il up tlu* hill, atnl in limitimo than I can t«<II the 
Ktory they hare noacbcvl the top and capturt<«l Wcidhch'a bat- 



38 GettijHhin<i : Ihnr Ihr IkUllt was FoiUfht. 





ti'iy I, First New York urtillory. 
Then it is tliey yell iiiid cluirj^e 
southward over the second stone 
wall, and ca]>tur(3 the two left 
f^uns of llickett's Peimsylvania 
battery, and attempt to spike the 
same ; but Kickett's men will not 
yield to it. Then occurs the 
, hand-to-hand stru^fi^le on Ceme- 
1 t«iry HjII, where they use ram- 
rods, g-uu swabs, liand spikes, 
club muskets, stones, and even 
their fists. It is then that Lieu- 
('aj,i„in Ji. B. liickeiis. tenant Brockway brains a Tiprer 

with a stone ; another is brained with a hand spike, while still 
uaother is beaten to death Avith a g-uidon. It is then that Han- 
cock ag-ain comes to the rescue, by sending Carroll's brigade to 
reinforce our men on Cemetery Hill. Then it is that we charge 
and drive down the hill what is left of the Tigers. Out of the 
1,700 that made the charge less than 300 g-ot back to the town. 
Over 1,400 were captured, killed and wounded, and their organi- 
zation was not known thereafter. Soon after the conflict ceased 
on Cemetery Hill troops were seen forming in front of Culp's 
Hill, which were soon learned to Ue Johnson's division preparing: 
to charge. Now, during' the afternoon, while our Fifth and Sixth 
corps are being- hurried forward, we were being hard pressed on 
our left. It became necessary to have reinforcements, and the 
result was that all troops of the Twelfth corps on our right, ex- 
cept one brigade, viz : Green's New York brigade, were detached 
and sent to reinforce our left. But in the meantime the Fifth 
and Sixth corps have arrived, and the Twelfth corps troops are 
not needed on the left. But during their absence Johnson 
charges Culp's Hill, but is repulsed time and again ^ith heavy 
loss by Green's New York brigade. But he, J olmson, having a 
division, his line was much longer than Green's, and the left of 
Johnson's line soon discovered that the works in their front were 
vacant. Then it is that Johnson moves ofl:' by the left flank far- 
ther to our right and crosses the vacant line of works and moves 
around the right flank of Green, and, passing Spangler's Springs, 
moves on westward up the ravine to the Baltimore pike, only 
one-fourth of a mile south of Cemetery Hill, on the east side of 



liotc Ike Itatll' 80 

tlio pilcp. On tho wr«t mile, and op|>ofutr. a Abort iliniaocn. vmi 
our re«trr\ * i parkitl .1 ' 

withiu n HAjui* Hjk. 

:IM, OJxl n>nllM<<l hiM IKMltlOU. 

nr i;oul«l IjrtVi' (Tipt- - ' r aiu- 

nmnitio!) tnmi. m. . <l tu 

! -lion* pikt* anti cut oflf 

• • II ti;;Mi Itut it wan ill till' 

lll^'llt. not A lUlot WAH Im IIIK' 

tin**!, oiul JoliuMon In. at 
'•ItirtutHl. He MAiil to liiH ^t.i:: 
TliiA in t4x> cmiv -. then* luuHt 

Im) a I; -, - - , 

• lue. I li(«lii<vo I nm iuart*hiu^ 

luv « ' ! into it." H«» in- 

•'tnirt K'U to niovi" liock 

. lickly and <|uietly to (^ilpH 

JI '■ ^ ' ' 




liirht. Id th(* mtMUitinie. while 

I 



H*. Omrf, mk 0»rp4. 



T- 



•r]>H ot'cupyiUK the iwune. it is liunnt: tiwit ni^'ht 

t; ' -' ' *h anni«'?» minr' ' • - •' • '- '• 

^^, wnt«T fn»in ; 

thintt, ami wamIi ti ^ly woun<iH liw tn«*n Iny An«i lix , 

it I'lu'h other for ^ lurH JuMt at (Uyhtrht on th«> mon..i.K 

I th«* thini iIav < rv ili)M*ovi'n>«l JohnMUi in tlii> ai*t ttf 

!ii. . II • H ' ■ -• u|M>n .1 ■ • ■ ■ i 

uiii» h u.t ., i : ..i I ly until t< ^ 

Iin»nule of th«< Sixth eorpH, that hnil iuTivi<«l the niirht ' 

f.. vninity of Koumi 

S..:. .... Nrw York, One h i 

\i'w York. Twenty Uiird PennNylvania vohinieem. Kijrfaty 



FjiMt«*m Hhon\ One IIun<tn<«l and Fiftieth New Vork^ 
' V '-' \ ' ' iiice wa«» ' ' 

.1 •■ woHui V 

had |?i>tten mi ituuly, but h<* could not Ataod the fierru r! 



40 Gettysburg: How tlie Battle was Fqwjhi. 



the Twelfth corps. Ho whs driven from the workii and thronj^di 
the woods beyond. That literally ended the fiprhtinp: on the rij^dit 
of the line, and there was a lull alon^" the entire line on the third 
day from 11 o'clock until 1.15 j). m., when thesiq-nal giin was tired 
for the artillery duel prior to Pickett's charg-e. Gen. Lee had 
expected Johnson to hold his position on Gulp's hill, and was 
g-reatly disappointed in not beinpf able to do so. If you will 
IKirdon me for ffoinj^' back to the second day's battle, you will 
observe that Lee failed in his plans. He failed to turn back our 
left Hank, althoujj:li he did succeed in forcing back our Third 
corps line until a line with the Second corps was reached. His 
losses were terrible. He failed to capture Round Top ; he also 
failed to turn our rij?ht flank ; neither did he succeed in cap- 
turing Gemetery Hill or Gulp's Hill. The battle lasted seven 
and one-half hours on our left and six and one-half hours on the 
right. The loss was gi-eat on both sides, but General Lee had 
failed to accomplish what he undertook. 

On the night of the 2d Gen. Lee held his great council of war, 
and said to his staff officers and corps commanders what he was 
going to do on the morrow, and how he was going to do the 
same. Then it was that Gen. Longstreet objected to his plan, 
and said to Gen. Lee: "General, we have failed to-day ; we have 
been unable to dislodge Meade's army. If we Avithdraw from here 
to-morrow moniing and move southward toward Washington we 
will compel Gen. Meade to vacate his stronghold aroimd the 
heights of Gettysburg, and in all probability we will be enabled 
to make battle on more favorable ground." Such was the logic 
of Longstreet, and I think he was right ; but Gen. Lee said, "No, 
gentlemen, no. I have been reinforced to-night by Pickett's 
division of Virginians — the flower of ray army, who have just 
arrived from Chambersburg, who have not yet been en- 
gaged in this battle, but are eager for the fray. I have also 
been reinforced by Stuart's cavalry." You will naturally won- 
der how Stuart's cavalry got to Gettysburg. As you remem- 
ber, Lee had left him behind in Virginia, expecting him to be 
able to baffle our army and prevent Gen. Hooker, who was yet in 
command, from following in pursuit. Stuart was noted for his 
successful raiding around our aimy, but Hooker out-generaled 
him this time, and succeeded in cutting him off' from Lee's com- 
mand entirely : and, in order that Stuart might again rejoin 
Lee's command he was compelled to move down the Potomac 



How the BatlU 



4t 



b(*low wlirn* our nniiv \uu\ crtMiMol, lutil piuM U* thff rmr mm) 

W" . ' -.-:•• ]] ' ■' '' at 

l>i , ..V- 

inir northwnnt up the Northern C«>iitnil lUilrooil. aiul bnuinir 
Houthwnnl. on t! " *' •( Junt<. ! . . .i 

<if our iiiviilry ■'■ -r. I*ri ' 

bri^'n'K'. Ctcn. FiiruHworth Fiftii Ni«w V«»rk. Kik'iiit<*>iiih iVnn 
Hylviuiin volunt«««'rH, Firnt Vermont, Fir>it Wi-j^t V:- - "^ rwi 

hritnwlo, («»n (^wU-r-FirHt Miriii^nui. Fifth M a\\ 

Mitliiiniii. S. V. ntli ^' ;. nixl hmi a tijfht in tlif Ktn'>i'tM of 

Hmiovt-r. Stuart k ....it \*'*''h oliji<ctivt* point wiut HnrriM 

bunr. Ho Imd lMM>n out ofT from all coiumunii'ntion for a nuniU'r 
ufiiayM; h» n<trL»ttt4><l fn>m Hauuwr rnpiilly, rxpectiuir to find 



/ 



* 




I < 







ArtilUr]f UoTt* %m Aeltom. 

Leo'ii army in ilie CumU'rlanil Valloy, lM«tw(*cn Cariiitlr an<l Har- 

rinbtirtr; hf nuurhwl «lir ♦' V ' - ' 'V ' 

Spniip*. viy. : north of i 

oTi'iiiuc of th«< Int of July, only to Irani that Ia-*' hatl abamloniHi 
th." ••••'■• M » • ' •'• •• ' -I... I \- " - - ^,i 

onv «liiy H iiK* 

from. On: ». . irt 

movitl hirt ravalri' thnnurh Mt lat 

Rhcul. ^^\ ti.. 

(iettyhi ..^ .. „. S..T. 

of war: " I harv bron r< rt n turalry aod 



(Jettysburg: Hoiv the Battle was Fought. 



Pickett's division ; to-morrow I propose to cut Gon. Mcado's line 
in two half way between Cein(^tery Hill and Round Top, viz: at 
the iinple near the umbrella-shaped trees, and will do it in this 



Gettysburg" 



P^ 




MlUi4"^ Reserve 
*WftH Artillery 

Reserve 



\ 




KILPATBICK 



LITTLE 

RCUNDTOP 



ROUND TOP 



Battle of the Third day—Pirkrif.< rh'ir;/': 

■way : I will mass Pickett's division in the ed^e of the woods in 
front of Gen. Meade's center, well supported; have all cannon 
along- my line open lire, and concentrate the same on that point; 



i,-'fij ''.:>■/ liuic the tlaltU ictt 4t 

I will I'lthiT (Ictuolifth t or «'xiuiUMt hui nupply 

of uiniuuuitiitu ; thrit liio ri>ik'U-> liiviftion rhniv*', «'" 

|Mirt4><l III tln» iiii<aiitiii)t> will Willi Sliuui H i-nvnirv 
M mill iittnrk fmin the n'tu* in 

1'.. .. .- .. 'Ill till' fn>iit. and I will »nit t.. .; 

:ui(l uiM* Ctvu. M«>mli*'M amiv tifi liv ilrtuil ' Wi> iuiimI lulmit tiutt 
I.' Mfiulc wftM |ir«-p:ir«-il for tiny 

Ml .. .. .. . -it lAt' uil^'ht lUiikf iWilh 

tliUikM won^ w««ll pnit«vt«Hl with cavalry. (tt>D. GnHTir'M diTiniou 
<•• iiml l»««»«u r- ■' ■ ■ (" "of 

K: ; "II. illnl roll- j»H : 

FirNt iih^n^li*. Col. J. B Mclntonli comnmniliii}?— Firxt MAr>'Uii(l. 
l»unM>ll iMury! ' (\. A First ^Lik. ' • 

J«»r>«««y, Fir>*t 1 ». Thin I ri-nuMvl 

Mylvaitia lu>avy urtillrry, sivtiuu lintt(>r>' H. aiul lViiniii(rt«>irN 
r. S. ' • " " 1 lirijrfia.-. r«>l .I Ir*in ('.: iiimAiiil 

iii^ 1 a N««w York, Fourth I'.: la. Six 

t4>«>nth iVniiHylvania, The Svonud brifriulo of i««n. (Inirir'H 
division. Col I* Htiry (*oiiimaiidiii|r. ha<l Uh'Ii left at Wwt 
iiiiiist«r, Mjirylund S«HMiid N«"W York, Fourth Now York, 
Sixth Ohio, Eighth iN'niiHvlviiiiin. aittl wen* («n^a^i<<l in oou 

vryiiijr prit«m»'ni fnmi th»» fn«it. Cn»n. ♦'•^ ' .♦. ■•.♦inj» 

an attju'k. niid in tiit> alMw>ntv of Huey'H hi th«> 

n- 'ity of <i - (m'U. Ciu*t«'rs l>riK'<wh-. »huh waa 

pji.-- .. !ii- vii'iii.:. .. :>-ut«» to join Kilpatrnk on ilio l«»ft — 

Firnt M Fifth Miohifrnn. Sixth Michifrnn. S>v<>nth Michi- 

jran. li« u l«i»«frj:» fontti won* thn«<' niiht* vtu^i of c 
Hill. There exiiit<'«l U-tween hin h'ft niid tin- n>fht : 
infantry* line a vacant fpip on Wolfn Hill. Thi* Ixilance of the 
Si^ H haviii ip on tl • "" 

III. ' fn T t iif th> ^ 

at^MW t4> WolpH Hill to fill the viwaiit Hpac«« — S(*ventJi Maine. 

Tl = ' ' ^ V ' • - • r' ^ fl ^r . ^. . . . 

unt'-^TH. >*eventy-m'vrnUi New ^ork: the latU'r n^inment nap- 

|>*ir ■ 

111. 

iMviei'teil. (t«>n )\ ^ waa Mouth of i tmi 

ha^Hten F - ' •' ' - • ' .— 

nfth N. » mt 

Wutit Virjnuu^ A noliti liu«> of tufanlry ha«i Ul^'U fortut^l (n>ai 



44 



GettTjHburg : How the JJattle was Fought. 




Genertd Hancock, mo-":. 



tlic ])iiso of Bi<:r Konnd Top cxtcndinjx eastward for a milo, com- 
postul of the Sixth corps troops, as follows: Second l)rip:ade, Col. 

L. A. (Iraiit, second division — 
Si'cond Vermont, Third Vermont, 
P'ourth Vermont, Fifth Vermont, 
Sixth Vermont; Third briprade, 
first division, Clcn. D. A. Rus- 
sell— Sixth Maine, Forty-ninth 
Pennsylvania volunteers, One 
Hundred and Nineteenth Penn- 
sylvania vohinteers, Fifth Wis- 
consin, thus leavang- only one 
brijrade of our array actually 
on the reserve, which was the 
First brigade, First division, 
Sixth corps. Gen. Torbert com- 
manding — First New Jersey, 
Second New Jersey, Third New 
Jersey, Fifteenth New Jersey, stationed on Swisher's hiU, north 
of Pound Top. 

While Stuart's cavalry is on that tour aroimd our right flank, 
three and one-half miles east of Cemetery Hill, he was intercepted 
by General Gregg's division and General Caster's brigade of Kil 
Patrick's division, and then occun'ed the greatest cavalry fight of 
the war. It is known in history as the sabre tight. Those that 
were killed and wounded were wounded and killed by the sabre, 
as a rule. General Wade Hampton was wounded by a sabre cut 
by Comrade Hampton Thomas, of Philadelphia, where j'ou read 
in history of the cavalry charging together in the open field on 
the Rummel's farm, where the horses reared up into the air and 
rebounded many feet. The result was that Stuart was defeated 
by General Gregg of cm* army, and Stuart failed to carry out his 
part of the programme. But on the other hand, had Stuart been 
successful, there is no doubt in my mind whatever but that Stuart 
would have passed our right flank, and coming up in rear of our 
center, in conjunction with Pickett's charge from the front, Lee 
would have been successful in cutting our line in two. Therefore 
I contend that one of the most important features of that gi'eat 
battle was the cavalry fight on the third of July, three and one- 
half miles east of Cemetery Hill. In my opinion, had we lost the 
cavalry fight there we would have lost the battle at the angle. 



(trttjftJmri/ II ' ■ ' ; 

(>u tho thirtl lUv of July, at l.I.*) r n.. tho «ifnwi intn ««• ftr««l 

l»v til.- W V ry «»f S 

wc>it<i?« i»j'j ..•. 1 . thru ii.. . 

(*ntin* liu(« u|M*DtHi firp, all aimini: nt tli- 

,, ' • • ■ ■ I" 

1 1; 

i^iDH, hut owiiif^ to tho contoar of thv irround wr t^ouUl onlv .-■ 



uon, all iM>lohiti|r (itrth their il<«otlly niuwiliit. Sh«>lb(an* bamtinir 

iin«ls4 ' i-vt'r>'wh««n" ; tli- »>'•'> • 

an- II. • ith i\\v nnvr of ti 

Imrxtiii); Hhi'lU i^nrn' iloHtnirtion fV<T>'wht>n>. wlnlo tli«« i^firth 

itMi'lf tn'ml)!*"** for oviT two houm. Whilo that artillt>r>' ilui I \- 

nifTtUf: C«'in'nil Wum'U. v\\\v{ of i'ii^nt<<*r>i «»f our nmiv. •»;• 

ri(l«>M to tlir Hunimtt of Littl<< liouml Top to t) 

aii<l tli<-n* «li>ta-ov(>ni tho formatiou of troopH in ;.. 

MiMhU. whiili provi«»l ttJ Ik^ I*ickott'H nn-n. Ht'iHimn 

fiu't. I vl. t*) th»» ripl • ' lluiil. . i,i. I 

of art... : our anuy, f; ^ ^ .. Ijim- l4» v-«va>« 

firiutr Tho*M> mnis that have been iliMihhxl an* n'inoYMt hki* 

N> •" • 'sftYe boT! 

« ■ I •tumoiih 

tioD ; oTervthiuir ia pn>parpd in mdincaa to nxwirp tho attack 

f, • ^ ' . r ■ t: .1 

I.. 

it DOW, for when ho no lonf^i^r ht<nni tho 

h- ' ' ' ♦' • -*» of hb 

H ohjtnn, that h<> haa imi i 



ammunition. Ami 

knowing full wi>ll 

tltat Stuart haa \\aA r 

ainpl«- tiT 

that tour ... 

riirht tlank.and iailno 

to coi 

ddnat . _ 

read in hiatorr of Loi> 




rifiKMl of Stuart •« 

:.:uvr. Now y»>u 

kult and Pickctt'a cbar|:r. yd 



If) Gittyshnnj : How the Battle was Fought. 



thcFc wvrc more men lost in that movement belong-inpr to A. P. 
Tlill's corjis than of Tionj^^strcet's corpK. Tlu-re ■were no troops of 
Loiij^strcct's en<^!i«^e<l in that demonstration (ixcept Pickett's di- 
vision. Lonf^street at that time was ag-ain endeavoring to turn 
our left flank, and was repulsed in front of Biir Round Top by 
(n-neral Kilpatriek's cavalry, where Cxeueral Farnsworth was 
killed by the Alabama troops of Hood's division, Lonpstreet's 
corps. Then it is that the reserve brif^rade of Buford's division, 
which had l)een left back near Frederick, ]Md., Brij::. Gen. Wesley 
Merritt in command, arrived by the Emmittsburg- road in rear of 
the rigfht of Lee's army, and attacked Lon^i^street from his rear, 
Sixth Pennsylvania, First I'nited States, Second United States, 
Fifth United States, Sixth United States. A j'ortion of this 
brig-ade (United States re^julars) moved off by the left flank 
westward toward the mountain to capture a wagfou train of the 
enem}' and have a tierce enf2:ae:ement with the enemy s troops 
near Fairfield. The rig-ht of Merritt's brigade finally extended 
eastward until a connection was formed with I\illpatrick's divi- 
sion. Pickett's division was formed at the edg-e of the woods in 
columns of briofades, a mile in front, three brig-ades deep^Kem- 
p(n-, Garnett and Armistead, supported on the rig-ht flank by two 
brigades of Anderson's division. Hill's corps — Wilcox's and 
Perry's. He was supported on his left flank by a portion of 
Heath's and Pender's division of Hill's corps, under command of 
General Petty gi'ew, while Wright's, Mahone's and Posey's bri- 
gades, of the same corps, are supporting him in the rear, under 
the command of General Trimble. The distance from the woods 
across the fields to our lino is a little over a mile — near a mile and 
a quarter. The gi-ound is almost level. Such was the distance 
over the open, level fields that Pickett's men were compelled to 
march over before they could reach our line, which was entrenched 
behind a stone wall. Is it not a mystery that ever a man lived 
to reach our line '? I say it with all due respect to the soldiers of 
the world, no soldiers ever endured a more deadly fire, or ever ex- 
hibited more heroism, than Pickett's men did on that occasion. 
Pickett's brave Yirg-inians emerged from the woods with their 
g"uns at a right-shoulder-shift, marching shoulder to shoulder 
with steady and decisive step as though they were passing- in 
review on dress parade, not firing a single shot. When they 
had reached near half way, then all g-uns along: om* line opened 
fire, concentrating the stime on Pickett's advancing column, mow- 



47 



inir t?ri*at trnfM tlin>utrli their linen. Still on tiicv cMn«\ ki'epiuir 
up 'tf-r 

til . I of 

(iMith. innTt'hiu^ ii|?iuuMt that teiribU* Mt4inn of <l<<<ulilv miMiili<« m» 
tl,. ' ' ..../..,.. 

tl.. 

tht< n^'ht riiuik iMHroni** lilin(li<«l through «>itr tirtiUery tint and hth 
tiinjf - • ' 1' iuovin>r olT 1 *' > . .t . 

iu thi- .:ul Top. H' - 

tlu^ Ifft tUnk, uiulcr ltt<nt>ml lVttifn^«w, «-i<n* iUm<mt wifiod oat 
by our jniHH from C^'OH'ti-n* Hi«lpv Inonlfrfor !' ' *• ■ :> to 
n<aL*h thoirolijii'tivi' |Hiint tltfumlin'lla-kluiiMtl t j^|i< 

-they wrrt* iX)n)|M>ni'<l to ni&kf ii U<ft IrnJf wh(«t*l. au(i xiwy Wfre 
moviufT mori» in ^' ^ 



V ^ ^ 






tho (}in*ction of 

Cfinot.ry Hill 

CuDJMH|ui>ntly, one 

portion movinfr 

l»y tin* rijrlit oiul 

tlu" other by tin* 

left tlnnk. the fju- 

tlier tli«y i^aine 

tlie wi«U<r the 

Mpace U^caiut* bt»- 

twei-n the two 

«>r^':uiixationM. 

(feiit-ml HanetH-k 

(li- ! that 

\it. • luid took Itenernl Stannanl'M V 

t4<«*iitii \«nuont, Fourt«'«'nth Vermont, ^ 

Tw..lfil, ui ' V •• •' ' -' ' '• 



^1 





.*./ /•. v.. «>».'• 



ti fn>in 

■■ ' Jt W:».- I 

thi' fn. 



h. 

U. 
Uli 

fa.. . : ....... : .,... .... 

Wil«-<>x and P«*rrv. while tlie frvmt rank waa fi 
Ar- ■ • 

roti . - • ^ . .. .- , 

histor>' aa the Bluoily Anirle. WIm'O AnniMiea<rii xarti rottcbo«l 



.'. Tlur 

Vermont (the 

iml 

••n 

• UI 

H'ar rank 
Ml- 

iXtl 

til into 



48 • Oettysfnirg: Hoio the Batt'e teas Fought. 



the stone wall they were receiving; a fire from both flanks and 
lioin the front. There they were met by Webb's Phila<lelphia 
biif^-ude, and near tliere wjis Cushin^'-'s Fourth United States, 
Brown's llliode Island, Arnold's lihode Island, Cowen's New 
\'ork, Koarity's New York, Ham])ton's Pittsl)urp:h, Parson's New 
Jersey and other batteri<*s, many of which had been demolished 
during the artillery duel. Cushins" had but one g-un left, and 
only six horses remained. He had not men enougrh to work the 
one g"un. Volunte<;rs came fromAVebb's Phibuhilphia brig-ade to 
assist in working- the g^un. Lieutenant Cushingf was Avorkinj^ the 
gun himself, with the lanyard wrapped around his wrist, and mor- 
tally woimded, he said to General Webb: "General, I will g-ive 
them one more shot." He fell in death, and the weig^ht of his body 
dischargfcd the piece. General Ai'mistead had reached the stonj.' 
wall. He replied to Gushing- by saying- to his men : " Boys g-ive 
them the cold steel," and, with his cap on the point of his sword, 
lie leaped the stone wall, followed by his men, and reached thirty 
odd paces within our lines when he fell riddled with bullets near 
the dead body of Gushing-. He was carried to our rear, and died 
soon thereafter. Then came the hand-to-hand conflict that \'ou 
read of in history, which lasted for a few moments only, when 
they commenced to throw do^vn their arms and sun*ender. They 
could g-et no farther, neither could they g-et back. Pickett's di- 
vision had been almost annihilated ; those that had crossed the 
Emraittsburg- road had either been killed, woimded or captured. 
You could Avalk from the stone wall at the Bloody Ang-le as far 
M-est as the Emmittsburg- road on the dead bodies of Pickett's 
men without treading- on the g-roimd. In the field in front of the 
stone wall over six hundred of Pickett's men were buried after- 
wards. The Emraittsburg- roacl was so barricaded with dead that 
it could not be traveled for several days thereafter. Out of fif- 
teen field oflicers of Pickett's division tliere was but a sing-le one 
tlint escaped unhiu't. Pickett's men did all that mortal men 
could do ; they could do no more. But, fortuuatelj' for us, our 
country and all concerned; they met a force at the stone wall — 
the old Second corps of our army — that was equally as brave and 
as fuU^' determined ; hence, it was that Lee's last and desperate 
eflbrt — Pickett's charg-e — failed. 

In the evening- of the third of July was the time that Lee, 
1 >artied and beaten, backward reeled from a stubborn Meade and 
a barren field. During- the nig-ht of the third General Lee com- 



ioiioihI to n»tn«it fnim < tt<ttTiilnirir. tnovinir "ff hiii mutiUUml 




i July Gi^iM^nd Kilpntnok MivauoMi wiUi his CAralrr frcnii •<:' 
Mt flank 
theiv ai| • 
•nny. doKtroyed two hundriHl and thirty -aiz wa^rom that vorr 



50 . (rrffjfshurif : Hon- fin fititfir ints FoWfiil. 

liulened with plunder, and t-uptured over liftc'cn Imndred pritkni- 
ors, imd siu'c(!ed(*d in <;-('ttin^ aw.iy witli tli(5 sann- before tlie 
main eolunin of LeeH amiy reached that point. In the mean- 
time General Greg-g-'s cavah'y was sent on the right flank of Lees 
retreating forces, and was <M|ually as successful. But Lee moved 
on l»y the Hagerstown road in a soutiiwesterly direction, through 
Monterey gap, Jicrcjss the Stiutli Mountain, on through Hagei-s- 
town, and on to the Potomac river, and in the course of a num- 
ber of days he recrossed bjw^k iutcj Virginia, but with forty odd 
thousand meii less than when he came to Pennsylvania. Con- 
federate officers have stated time and again to the winter that 
they knew to their o\n\ certain knowledge regiments to go back 
to Virginia imder command of corporals. 

The battle-tield of Gettysburg cov<h's an area of twenty-live 
square miles, which does not include the cavalry battle-field, three 
miles east of C-emetery Hill, but simply the battle-field proper. 
According to the estimate of General Hunt, chief of artillery, 
there was expended in that great conflict for our Union and for 
Liberty five hundred and sixty-nine tons of deadly missiles, in- 
cluding all the various kinds of shells, shot, shrapnel and ball 
known to this country and to Europe. There lay dead at one 
time on the field ten thousand dead soldiers and one dead lady 
(Miss Jennie Wade), interspersed with five thousand dead horses 
and mules, while thousands more lay mangled and wounded, 
strewn all over the bloody fields, groaning and moaning, and dy- 
ing every minute. Great multitudes of buzzards hovered over 
and around the fields for many weeks then^after. Such were 
some of the scenes and events of that great conflict, which it is to 
be lioijed none will ever again be called upon to witness similar 
scenes. Such is a portion of the history of that UK^iorable three 
days' battle, and of the events immediately preceding and follow- 
ing. It has been said, in order to diminish the magnitude of that 
terrible disaster to the rebel army, that the}' were merely re- 
pulsed in attacking a strongly fortified position of our army : bui 
the heavy losses on both sides are a suflicient answer to that mis- 
representation, and testify to the courage and obstinacy with 
which the three days' battle Avas fought. Few of the great con- 
flicts of modem times have cost victors and vanquished so gi-«^at 
a loss. On the Union side there fell in that campaign : Of gen- 
erals killed — Reynolds, Weed and Zook : and woundfnl -Butt<u"- 
field, Sickels, Doubleday, Barlow, Barnes, Gibbon, WaiTcu and 



^' How Ike lialth 51 

OnUuun ; whiU* of offionrw Im^Uiw Uio rauk of ir>«nf<rml aiuI i>nluilMl 

nx'ti thrn* wi<n' kilh'"!, :i.o72 . woiiixlol, 14. i ' 

MiUA'. 5.4:U . tolnl UwtH. 'ia.tiua Ou thi« ('««.:.. 

w«rt* kill«><l or tuortiillv wuuiidwl : (ti>i)«>mrM AmiiitU^iul. IWkn*- 

ilftlr, Imriu't. I ' 

Htmili. H«xnl. I . !\ , . 1 

Archer a pnfi(mt*r ; aii<l of officeni lirlow the rank of fri<iM*nU mmI 

**q1wIo(1 iiifn th«< r 

13.ftll. Of th.' w.. 

X\wtv> in no oflicinl tlnta, but from tho mottt n*liAbh* nourocai it is 

«•>' s ' = ' - • - ' . . ,. 1 ,,11 

\. 

nonA, 'i8,17H Mtuail anuH nixl 41 MtiuuUnU, niui 'i4,uTH houUI amiM 
w,.n«»mth.- ' •' ' '•' •• " I' I»uk...if W.r: - ■ 

thiit next t vift<»r>'. Ti 

tho lMttl('-ti(«l«l, thoHi^litMtif th«Mk<(ui, thcilyin^aiul thr '^ 

o'—' • with th«' twxind of wo«>, l»«t m** hrn* thn»» u pm. •••• i 

tl. whii'h iu> wonU cuit luUKiuattly depict to tliiM>- who 

havi* noTvr witiicvimHl HUrh. 

National Cemktsry. 
' «>n thr 

I .1... 1.. . ... - :jtn»l of I;. 

(i it. but tho Ciitv«>min<*nt nrv«»r »»X|»i«u<l«l a 

t-. . I , . 

•" •. -- - -■- - -- -• : i 

»m tktU'T th«> Uittl« WMt fouiHiU iuimIo tlwt ci>root<«rv. and wb«4i 

It ■ . • •• ■ : . 

the auiM* in (timmI n>|Mur, it rvnuuiw th<* pmperty of tho ifovem- 

lie old CitixiMift ( netir that |MMnl 

Horainan* Kidk*«' . ih<> o|<i I 
|o • ' •' . hdl mi'mi ,4 «,. 

% . -«l. Ih«' hill wit 

two ndtr*'*. aUuit n ti)il<- apart, i 

•p .... .r,^, ,„ th<» V' 

U nnd (Ttowii 



52 (fettysburif: I/oir f/ir linffh- nuts Fomjlif. 

At the time of tlic battle it was a r()U{,'"li iiud rocky lii-M in 
coru. The eeinet<'ry is semieircU^ in shape. The dead are burifd 
in sections, which n'preseut the dirterent states that they be- 
hmi;- to. There were eif:ifhtoeu states represented in our army 
in the battle of Gettysburs- and eh^'en in the Confederate Army. 
There are three sections of the unknown and one of the 
United States Rej^ubirs, makin*? in all twenty-two sections. The 
'■^ dead are laid with 

r,^^ the feet to the 
center of the semi- 
circle, where the 
National Monu- 
^, ment is located. 
■ — The fii*st section on 
~7r'^y^' u , ^1^® right, in the 

"-'^--•'''■.^^;,;. ;.,'■.". outer circle, repre- 

**^ _ -- senting- the State of 

-^■-*».c^^ Maine, contains 104 

T/ie lio.flrinii, Xftiounl Ccmctrry. bodies ; following', 

Michig-au, 171 ; New York, 867 ; Pennsylvania, 534 ; Massachu- 
setts, 159; Ohio, 131; Indiana, 80: New Jersey, 78; Rhode 
Island, 12 ; New Hampshire, 49 : A\>rmont, Gl ; Wisconsin, 73 : 
Connecticut, 22 ; Delaware, 15 ; West Virginia, 11 : Maryland, 
22 ; Minnesota, 52 ; Illinois, 6 ; United States Regulai-s, 138 ; and 
three sections of unknown, which contain 979. There ai-e buried 
in all in that great city of the dead, 3,590. The above figures 
represent the original number interred. Several bodies have 
been added diu-ing the past twenty-five years to the different 
states. The majority of the unknown came from the first days 
battle-field. Our army having been driven from the field were 
compelled to leave our dead and wounded behind. The enemy 
5trii)ped our dead of their uniform, hence they could not be 
identified after the battle as to name, regiment or state. The monu- 
ment stands sixty feet high, and is twenty-five feet square at the 
base, and is crowned with a statute representing the Genius of Lib- 
erty. Projecting from the four cornersare equal numbers of alle- 
gorical statues representing respectively War, History, Peace and 
Plenty. These figures were made in Italy, under supen'ision of 
the Hon. Randolph Rogers. The National Monument stands on 
that portion of the ground where the immortal Lincoln made 
his famous speech at the dedication of those grounds on the 



(frtttfKhHrg • How Ike linltle ir.- 



58 



nin<*t«^nth of NoTcmljor. 1868. iho limt' an«l pU«» wh«»n ihr Wttn 
Eilwunl Evi'rett wan Un« orator of Iho diiy. •xnX Mud to Mr Laocoln 





-^ 



aaiiia«< an »«ttvb ■u»i ■■■I. 

timt h* woiiM (tImIIt jriTT hii» forty p«<r»'«« f«^r Mr l 

* • 'ine*. A por* ' *' Uih^ im^' iim-nU'*! t.i. 

..viDomeiit. 1 *•• aikI pUcP that Mr. Lincoln 



54 



Gcftyslmrg : How the Battle wan Fought. 



said : " Fourscore and seven years ago oiu- fathers brought forth 







"War." 

Oettysbiinjr Battle Monument. 




"Peace." 
Gettyslmiv I!»ttle Mmmment. 




" History." 

Gettyabun; Rattle Munument. 




iliiiin|;ili [ :^f^''i'''^^''|5^i;;'!'|l 



■'PLENTY. " 
Octtvaburg Battle Mouumcat. 



upon this contiueut a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedi- 
cated to the proposition that all men ai*e created equal. 



iifttyniiHitj /iinv (nr li>tf(lc was ttnuflU. 



u 



■ Now w«* an' outnMr«'<1 in a gTi*at civil ^nr, Umixin: whftli«*r 
timt luitioii. or luiy imtioii no oootvMVi<<l aiiil no aliMlititUil, iiui loD|r 
omlun*. Wran* luvton n K^tki Uittl*' fu'lil .»f that «nr \\\' an* 
met t«> ti of it AM thi' fiiml r> ' « of IIkmo 

who h« I ^ .. .-, thiit thiit imtioii im;,-..; T» in alto 

frt^thcr tUtiuf: luiil pmtxT tliat wo hIiouKI do tliiM 

" Hut in " H#.. 

on»t<'. Wf m: ^; I ^ .^ij 

ili«(l, who 8tru>rKl«>«l hfn«, havi? c«mMvnit«>(l it far iiImjti* our power 
t«> Hiltl ' ^ f Th«« \\ ' ' " ' ••■ !«-iubor 

whnt w- ' , but it • nv It 

18 for UK, tht« liTiUfT. rnthrr to be (lf<iicat4Hl h«'rf« to the untinijibed 
work thnt thfV ! ** :■' far m» 'V " n It ih ntthft 

ft>r us t4i Im< hi-r- ;<^l to th. lun^' licfon* uh, 

— that iroxu tht^w hoiiontl c!»*ml wo tak« iiim«MHl tlwotion to 
th(« i'HUiw for wliu'li thc\v horf pi%"«« th«< Ia«t full ' of cl«* 

votion. that wr hen' highly n^Holvo that th«' ill not 

hnvr tlit<<l in vain, that th«' nation Hhall, under (toii, liavt* a uew 

birth of fnHtloni, lunl that tlu' pov«'ninifnt «»f tin- ■ ' by the 

|>eopU'. and for Uu' |KH)pK'. Hhall not iHTiid) frotu .. " 




J "•■-TMi, hero of GfttVMbnr - 

th< : : |M« troops •nd wan v« 

thelioid. 



,1 1. >. II 



jntnrd 

ft OQ 



•">(! (irf/i/sl)tir(f: Ifoir f/ir /Uiff/r irafi Foxuiht. 

Tlif followiii','- |»(M'iii was \Mitt«ii l»y Bn^t Harte, in honor of liis 
s«!rvi('('s : 

•' Have you licarri the story tlio ^OBHipH tell 
Of John lUinis, of < M'ttyshurg ? No? Ah well, 
liiicf is the j^lory tliat liero oarns, 
|{iiefer the story of i)oor John HurnH ; 
III' waH the fellow wlio won renown — 
The only man wlu) didn't hack down 
WIhmi the rehel.s rode throuf;h his native town ; 
But held his own in the I'luht next day, 
Wlien all liiH townfolk ran away. 
That was in July, sixty-liiree — 
The very day that General Lee, 
The flower of Southern chivalry, 
Baflled and beaten, backward reeled 
From a stubborn Meade and a barren field. 

I might tell how, but the day belore, 
John Jiurns stood at his cottage-door. 
Looking down the village-street ; 
Where, in the shade of his peaceful vine, 
He heard the low of his gathered kine, 
And felt their breath with incense sweet ; 
Or, I might say, when the sunset burned 
The old farm gable, he thought it turned 
The milk, that fell in a liabblingllood 
Into the milk-pail, red as blood ; 
Or how he fancied the hum of bees 
Were bullets buzzing among the trees. 
But all such fanciful thoughts as these 
' Were strange to a practical man like Burns, 

Who minded on\\ his own concerns. 
Troubled no more by fancies fine 
Than one of his calm-eyed long-tailed kine — 
Quite old-fashioned and niatter-of-fact. 
Slow to argue, but quick to act. 
That was the reason, as some folks say, 
He fought so well on that terrible day. 

And it was terrible. On the right 
Raged for hours the heavy fight. 
Thundered the liattcry's double-bass — 
Difhcult music for men to face ; 
While on the left — where now the graves 
Undidatc like the living waves 
That all the daj' imceasing swept 
Up to the jiits the rebels kept — 
Round-shot ploughed the upland glades, 
Sown with l>ullets, reaped with blades; 
Shattered fences here and there 
Tossed their splinters in the air : 



(irilyahurri : Ihur the linlUe tea* Firtttfkt 67 

t>< wn atfflpiiad and Imro . 



«n<l ni«i 



ul John Ituni^ 
llow .|.» v«»«t iMnk Ih*" m«n w««i iln — wit 



Alit .^i 

Wn^ polUr 

r." 
Up M<ir«' i >vn»<l hat. 

\Vhll<> An 

N«vpr li»<l Aucli ■ * . 
K- r f rt V ymm on ■ 
II numa 

A.. I to lln« •• „. ...„_„ . 



rinM» •! hU oIImiw*, .11 that lUr. 
Vpirnui* of Ui- *, 

•iioii I iirl, t :t,l\. liarL*i>.l L 



... ill — 
bo wni\\ 

vilhAil Ions 



1 1 II 



Mow an' t her tbroogli ! ' 

.« I > < 1 ■ ■ I t - - 1 • • 

V," anil I ■ ■ \<mm 



*T«iW bm a moaivnt : for that n«p«>«t 

I 



'ik«« I 



Gi'ttyshurri : How the Battle was Fought. 



Tilt- I'iisl otthu Nation in battle there. 
Aiui somo of llio soldiers since dt'clarc 
Tliiit the uleiiin of liis old white hiit afar, 
Like the crested pliiine of the brave Navarre, 
That day was their orillaiiiiiie of war. 
Thus rajjjed the haltle. You know the rest : 
How the rebels, beaten and baekwartl pressed. 
Broke at the liruil enarj^e and ran ; 
At which John Burns, a ])ractical man, 
Shoulilered his rille, unbent his brows. 
And then went back to his bees and cowa. 

This is the story of old John Burns — 
'This is the moral the reader learns : 
In fighting the l)attle, t|ie question's whether 
You'll show a hat that's white, or a feather. 







apim-:m)ix 



THE ROSTER 



Tlu« it'mli'r will di^Hin* Uio mmUt of the troop* on^afriHl in thr» 
)m*at ntntlirt. Am ni>arnii may U«. Umt of thv Confe<lrnit«* Aniiy 
IM tli«> HAiur AM it wiiM a niontli pn'vioim to the Imttiiv Tin* <>r 
tniui/jitioii of Juut< tirxt \H thi< uuly autlu-attr onu |in<«cnr(<(I to 
UM. Horv it itt : 



ItoHTEn OP TiiE FKi>r.RAi. Army Knoaopji in tiie Battle or 

(irmfHBUKil. WtliXEMiAT. TlllltKDAY AND FftlOAY. Jl'LY 1. % 
AND a. 1863. 

Major (irxijul itI->)UOK (iOKDON MRADK. (V>mmam>ino 

Sfa/r 
Major O--.. DANIKI. HrrrKUFIELD. Oiirf of StAfT 
BrJ()ai> .\i M II I'A THICK. Pntv.Htt MurHhnI (ifDenU 

sr.rn WILLIAMS .1. 

n»MI M)S(Hia\l i, ... , ...iM-ntl 

l;i 1 1 ^ IX(iALLS, gimrt«'nniiMt.r (1. mnil 
(\.i ir.NKY I I'LAKKKh t'hiff CouuiAMu^y of Sub 

■■ ■i*i'. 
Major JONATHAN LtriTKHMAN. Hiuvwo. Chu-f of MiMlind 

I)<<|miin)i'iit 
HRl(i\i>trji (ttLNFJui. (i K. WAKIirV ('M. f r.niriiHxr 
Major D W. FI>A(iI.EU. Cuirf < 

*T • : rur.P ri.iA^' 'M- . lo- 

in :Miv » m NT < 

1.UTAIX L R NnKT<»N, CI 

Major ' - •■^tiv • ,^ « •.tiimi.hi.jihi: tn* 

1 .InIr Nt 

•II 



(]() (i(tti/sfnir[f: III lie thr JinHh' tras F<twjht. 

Ma.ioii Gkneiul HENK\' W . SLOCUM, Comraauding- the liipfht 

Wing on July 2(1 and 3il. 
Major (tp:nekal W. S. HANCOCK, Cbmmauelinf,' the Left 

Centre on July 2cl and July 3d. 



FIKST CORPS. 

Major General JOHN F. REYNOLDS, Perm.vnentCommandki!. 
Major General ABNEll DOUBLEDAY, Commanding on July 

1st 
Major General JOHN NEWTON, CommancUng July 2d and 3d. 

FIRST DIVLSION. 
BuKJADiKR Gknkral JAMES S. WADSWORTH Commandinm;. 

First Briqade,— {\) Brigadier-General Solomon Meredith (wounded); 
(2) Colonel' Henry A. Morrow (wounded) ; (3) Colonel W. W. Robin- 
son. 2d Wisconsin, Colonel Lucius Fairchild (wounded). Lieut. Colonel 
George H. Stevens (wounded), Major John Mansfield (wounded), Captain 
George H. Otis; 6th Wisconsin, Lieut-Colon«l R. R. Dawes; 7th Wisconsin, 
Colonel W. W. Robinson ; 24th Michigan, Colonel Henrj A. Morrow 
(wounded), Lieut. Colonel Mark Flanigan (wounded). Major Edwin B. 
Wright (wounded). Captain Albert M. Edwards; 19th Indiana, Colonel 
Samuel Williams. 

Second iirn/*^///*'.— Brigadier General Lysander Cutler Commanding. 
7th Indiana, Slajor Ira (t. Grover ; 56th Pennsylvania, Colonel J. W. Hofl- 
roan ; 76lh New York, Major Andrew J. Grover (killed). Captain John E. 
Cook; 9oth New York, Colonel George H. Biddle (wounded). Major Ed- 
ward Pye ; 147th New York, Lieut Colonel F. C. Miller (wounded), Major 
George Harney ; 14th Brooklyn, Colonel E. B. Fowler. 

SECOND DIVISION. 
Brkjadier General JOHN C. ROBINSON Commandino. 

First J5ru/rtfic.— Brigadier General Gabriel R. Paul Commanding 
(wounded) ; Colonel S. IL Leonard; Colonel Richard Coulter. 16th 
Maine, Colonel (Charles W. Tilden (captured), Lieut. Colonel N. E. Welch. 
Major Arch D. Leavitt; 13th Massachusetts, Colonel S. H. Leonard 
(wounded) ; 94th New York, Colonel A. R. Root (wounded), Major S. H. 
MolVat ; 104th New York, Colonel Gilbert G. Prey ; UlTth Pennsylvania, 
Colonel T. F. McCoy (wounded), Lieut, -Colonel James McThompson 
(wounded). Captain K. D. Roath ; 11th Pennsylvania, Colonel Richard S. 
Coulter, Captain J. J. Hierer.* 

Srrinid jBriV/rtf/r.— Brigadier (General Henry Baxter Commanding. 12th 
Massachusetts, Colonel James L. Bates; 8;id New York. Lieut. Colonel 
Joseph R. Moesch ; !»7th New York, Colonel Charles Wheelock ; 88th Penn- 
sylvania, Major Benezet F. Faust, Captain E. Y'. Patterson ; 90th Pennsyl- 
vania, Colonel Peter Lyle. 

* The 11th Pennsylvania was transferred from the Second Brigade. 



Tiiiiin mviHioN. 

Major OKiiBiiAL ABNKK lK>t'HI<RDAY. Pbhmajibjit roniiAliitKa nt. 

July M and SiL 

Mni'iftnfcR Or<»rn«i TH<>M \M a K«>W|.KY. JmIt 1«( 



' «r»ttn'1> 



1 ajLAiii f. C". WiatliH I, »^ 



- ^ Vi- . . ^ ... .. 1- 1 



SECOND COUPS 
Majoh liRNKRAi. WINFIKIJ) S. HAN('<K"K. l^KJuiANKrr Com 

M.iJ»»it r»'^»«"< lOHNi... . 

Hkioaii- .AL.IOHNC l^ALDWKLk 

KIKST DIVISION. 
RmoAPIKHOBJiBRAl. JOHN (-. (ALDWKI.I. 
• tIN* K. ItROOKK (» 



.• y. Hurko : lltMh i*ri 



62 (icit ifshmuj : How the Baffle was Fought. 



Charles <;. Kroiidonheri,? (wouiulcd). Captain NVilliam Schorrer ; ."iTth Now 
York, Licnt(Miaiit Colonel Alfred li. (Miapman ; (Mitli New York, Colonel 
Orlando W. MorriH (wounded), lieutenant I'olonel John .S. Hainniell 
(wounded). Major Peter NelHon ; MOth I'cnnsylvaniii, Colonel Richard P. 
Rolierts (killed). Lieutenant Colonel John Frazer. 

Fourth Jirii/<i<li: — Colonial John K. Mkookk Commanding (wounded). 
U7th ('onnei-tieut, Li<'Utenant Colonel Henry C. Mcrwin (killeii), Major 
James H. Cohurn ; ()4tli New York, CN^lonel Daniel (i. Hin^;hani ; Md Penn- 
sylvaniiL, (N)lonel J. H. Brooke, Lieutenant Colonel Richard McMichael ; 
ll.')th Pennsylvania, Colonel Hiram L. Brown (wounded), Captain John W. 
Reynolds (wounded), Captain Moses W. Oliver; 2d Delaware, Colonel 
William P. Bailey. 

SECOND DIVISION. 

Brioadikh Oenerai. JOHN (ilBBON, Pkrmanent Commankkk 

(wounded). 

BrtuadikrGknkral WILLI.\.M H.VRROW. 

First Brigade. — Brigadier General William Harrow Commandinj.' ; 
Colonel Frantis Vj. Heath. 19th Maine, Colonel F. E. Heath, Lieutenant 
Colonel Henry W. Cunningham ; Ifjlh Ma.ssachusetts, Colonel George H. 
Ward (killed). Lieutenant Colonel George C. Joslin ; 82d New York, Colo- 
nel Henry W. Huston (killed). Captain .Tohn Darrow ; Isl Minnes^jta, Colo- 
nel William Colvill (wounded), Captain N. S. Messick (killed). Captain 
Wilson B. Farrell, Captain Louis Muller, Captain Joseph Periam, Captani 
Henry C. Coates. 

Second Bri;/adc. — Brigadier General Alexander S. Wkbb Commanding 
(wounded). (59th Pennsylvania, Colonel Dennis O. Kane (killed), Lieuten- 
ant Colonel M. Tschudy'(killed), Major James Dutly (wounded), Captain 
William Davis ; 71st Pennsylvania, I^ieutenant Colonel Richard PennSmith ; 
72d Pennsj'lvania, Colonel De Witt C. Baxter ; 106th Pennsylvania, Lieuten- 
ant Colonel Theodore Hesser. 

Third Brii/(ide. — Colonel Norm.\n J. Hall Commanding. 19th Massa- 
chusetts, Colonel Arthur F. Devereux ; 20th Massachusetts. Colonel Paul J. 
Revere (killed), Captain H. L. A bijott (wounded) ; 4idNew York, Colonel 
James E. Mallon ; ij9ih New York, Lieutenant Colonel Max A. Thoman 
(killed) ; 7th Michigan, Colonel N. J. Hall, Lieuteui'nt Colonel Amos K. 
Steele (killed), Major S. \V. Curtis. 

Unattached, — An tire w Sharpshooters. 

THIRD DIVISION. 
BRioAniER General ALEXANDER HAYS Commandino. 

First Brifiadc. — ColonelfSAMUEL S. Carroll Commanding. 4th i^liio, 
Tjieutenant Colonel .lames H. Godman, Lieutenant Colonel L. W. Carpen- 
ter ; 8th Ohio, Colonel S. S. Carroll, Lieutenant Colonel Franklin Sawyir ; 
Hth Indiana, Colonel John Coons ; 7th West Virginia, Colonel Joseph 
Snyder. 

Nrcond Brigade, — Colonel Thomas A. Smyth Commanding (wounded) ; 
I^ieutenant Colonel F. E. Pierce. 14th Connecticut, Major John T. Elli> ; 
10th New York (battalion). Major George F. Hopper ;10Sth New York, 
Colonel Charles J. Powers ; 12th New Jersey, Major JohnT. Hill ; 1st Delii- 
ware, Colonel Thomas A. Smyth ; Lieutenant Colonel Edward P. Harris, 
Captain M. B. EUgood (killed), TJeutenant William Smith (killed). 

Third Brigadr. — Colonel Gkoroe L. Will.vro Commanding (killed); 
Colonel Elikim Shkurill (killed) ; I^ieutenanl Colonel James M. Bill. 
;59th New York, Lieutenant Colonel James G. Hughes; lllth New York, 
Colonel Clinton D. McDougall (wounded). Lieutenant Colonel Isaac M. 
Lusk, Captain A. P. Seeley ; 12.5th New York. Colonel G. L. Willard (killed). 
Lieutenant Colonel Levi Crandall ; 12t)th New Y'ork, Colonel E. Sherrill 
(killed). Lieutenant Colonel J. .M. Hull. 

Artilleri) Brigade. — Captain J. < J. Ha/.aro Commanding. Battery B. 1st 
New York, Captain James McK. Rorty (killeil) ; Battery A, 1st' Rhode 



Apftmdix. A.1 

lMljui«t. I.touionant WtUtam A. Arn<>t<i . lUUrry li. !•( 

••11411! 1 } r. I. r k !'..' .\«n (wounUvti) : Ihutrrjr i. Ui . _- 






THIIU) (I)IU'S. 

M M hANir.i. iv sirKLEsroMMAM.iv. .W..UI1.1.-.1. 

M -. !;vi DAVID R mUNKV 

FIRST MVIHIOX. 

Major Ukxbrai. DAVID K IIIKNKY. Pkrmaxkxt Commasidiiii. 
IIRIUA' J. II. II. WARD. 

/*! If . tl.f ';.ii.r.«! «' K •'•liAnAvi C*..inii.*i> Iit.rf 



>'«r«l/ . iilM ('•UU*> i 



»i:\ .11 



t W KU 



\ > all I i<>rr 



HRCOND DIVINION. 
BRlnAtilKRORJIBRAI. ANDKKW A. HUilPHRRYM roMMARtH^ 



64 Gettysburg: How the Battle was Fought. 

Sei'nml liriiiatlc. — Colonel Wi i, mam \\. Hukwstkk Coiiirimndiii^. 70th 
Now York (1st Kxoelsior), Major Daniel Malirn ; Tlst New York (2d Kx- 
<-('lsi()r), Colonel lienrv L. Pf)tter; T'Jd Nt-w York (3d IOx<'flMior), ('oionel 
William O. Stevens (killed), Lieutenant Colonel Joim S. Austin ; 7Hd New 
York (-Itli Kx(relsior), Colonel William H. Brewster, Major M. W. liurns ; 
TUh New York (otli Kxeelsior), I.ieutenant Colonel Thomas Holt; 120th 
New York, Lieutenant Coloncfl Cornelius 1). Westbrook (wouniled). Major 
J. K. Tappen, Cai)taln A. L. Lockwood. 

Third Urii/adr. — Colonel (iKniUiK C. BURLIN<* Commanding. 5th New 
Jersey, Colonel William J. Sewall (wounded), Captain VirgeT M. Ilealey 
(wounded), Captain T. C. < Jodfre^', Caj)tain IL II. Woolsey ; <>th New .Jersey, 
Colonel Georjje C. liurlinj.', Lieutenant Colonel S. R. (iilkyson ; 7th Now 
Jersey, Colonel L. H. Francine (killed). Lieutenant Colonel Francis Price; 
8ih New Jersey, Colonel John Ramsey (wounded). Captain John d. I^ang- 
.ston; ll.'ith Pennsylvania, Lieutenant Colonel John P. Dunne ; 2d New 
Ilami)sliire, Colonel Edward L. Bailey (wounded), Major Samuel P. Sayles 
(wounded). 

Arlillery Brifiadr. — Captain GEOKCiK E. Randolph Commanding. Bat- 
tery E, 1st Rhode Island, Lieutenant John K. Bucklyn (wounded), l^ieu- 
tenant Benjamin Freeijorn ; Battery B, 1st New Jersey, Ca|)tain .\. J. Clark: 
Battery D, 1st New Jersey, Captain George T. Woodbury ; Battery K, -1th 
United States, Lieutenant F. W. Seeley (wounded), Lieutenant Robert 
James; Battery D, 1st New York, Captain George B. Winslow ; 4th New 
York, Captain James E. Smith. 



FIFTH CORPS. 
]\Iajor General GEORGE SYIvES Commanding. 

FIRST DIVISION, 
Brioadikr Gen-kral JAMES BARNES Commaxdino. 

First Bripade. — Colonel W. S. Tiltox Commanding. 18th Massachu- 
setts, Colonel Joseph Hayes; 22d Massachusetts, Colonel William S. Tilton, 
liieutenant Colonel Thomas Sherman, Jr. ; 118th Pennsylvania, Colonel 
Charles M. Prevost ; 1st Michigan, Colonel Ira (\ Abbot (wounded). Lieu- 
tenant Colonel W. A. Throoji. 

Second Brii/adc. — Colonel J. B. Sweitzer Commanding. 9th Massachu- 
setts, Colonel Patrick R. Guiney ; 32d Massachusetts, Colonel (reorge L. 
Prescott (wounded). Lieutenant Colonel Luther Stephenson (woumled). 
Major J. t'ushing Edmunds ; Ith Michigan. Colonel llanison H. Jeffords 
(killed), Lieutenant Colonel (Jeorge W. Loml)ard ; <52il Pennsylvania, Colo- 
nel J. B. Sweitzer, Lieutenant Colonel James C. Hull. 

Third Brigade. — Colonel Strong Vincent Commanding (killed) ; Colo- 
nel Ja.mes C. Rice. 20th Maine, Colonel Joshua L. Chamberlain ; 44th New 
York, Colonel James (\ Rice, Lieutenant Colonel Freeman Conner ; 8.id 
Pennsylvania, Major William H. Lamont, Captain O. E. Woodward: IGih 
Michigan. Lieutenant Colonel N. E. Welch. 

SEl'IOND DIVISION. 
Brkiadier General ROMAYN B. AY'RES Commandino. 

First Bripnde. — Colonel Hannibal Day, 6th United States Infantry, 
Commanding. 3d I'nited States Infantry. CapUnn II. W. Freedley 
(wounded), CajUain Richard G. Lay; 4th I'nited States Infantry, Captain 
J. W. Adams ; tith United States Infantry, Captain Levi C. Bootes ; 12th 
United States Infantry, Captain Thomas S. Dunn ; 14th United States In- 
fantry, Major G. R. Giddings. 

Second Britiiide. — ''olonel Sidney Burbank, 2d United States infantry. 
Commanding. 2d United States infantry, Major A. T. Lee (wounded). Cap- 



Aftfmuiijr 
U 



TIIIKI> DIVISION. 

I.I.IAM M<^'a!>II>I M 

\Vi:;t4iii '■ - I- r 4nu 

!• A. 

^^ I lib 

I*' I MU kUklU). 

« A. H Nile- 

(^^ 

■ \ 

9l' nan ' .Hjj 

I- A. J. W.. .«. 

< • 

> D. 

6t II F 

K 

li 

t.» -■.'-'' ■- . ^ ' - ' - - --- 

•«4 Ua«rii.— C«|t4*ttt H. W. Ut UKM. C'u«U|MUtl«« E auU L*. UMi Nvw 



SIXTH COUl^S. 
Majoe Oexkral JOHN SKI Hi WICK 

FIRMT DIVISION. 

It) NtiliAi. II. H. WKKMIT ro«iiA!«nt!«i*. 

A'lrf /■•- ■ <,iti>ri\ K V V lOuitt.iiT I '■ .iniiisn.llni? lat 

N' 
<*. 

N.» I 

A- J. RAMTLRrT ' 

M« ■ N»w York. Coi. ; , 

•'' iward Carroll : vmtt Pwinar Irani*. 

I. 

«lh 
»l II. 

Irv -,. — tuml 

Tboiaaatii AUcn. 

MKfOMf I»IVl.«^I<)N. 
BMIuaMIIII flBKBRAl. A. P. HOW > * •*' ^ MltttJUh. 

WMM»4 /frt^^a^.— 4*oinn»| L. A- UAAitT « fHi. Sd \'»nuimt, 

I ••ttirt J n w«<r rvliri< M Varmoni, roloiir «Ui VanuaoU 

I'oi.tiri y II ><■.. u-i>t. I. . ..(h Varmont. lJaut> ■ •ba R. Lawtat 

4lh \ rrtii>>i>'.. I.p .'.« ■•!.■. t'oiunal KtUha I. lU- 



60 (Ti'tiiislniiij : lltiir the /iatf/r teas Fouij/it. 



Third lirifiatle. — Hrigadier General T. A. Nkill Cniiiinanding. 7th 
faine, Lieutenant Oolonel Seldon Connor; 49tli New York, <;olonel D. D. 
idwell ; TTlli New York, Colonel J. H. McKean ; 4.'}<1 New York, Colonel 
. I', liaker ; (ilsl Pennsylvania, Major <Jeorgo W. Dawson. 



THIRD DIVISION. 
Brujakikh (Jknkrai. FK.\NK WHEATON Commandino. 

First BriV/aW*'.— Bricadier r,eneral Alexandkr Shaler Commanding. 
65th New York, Colonel .1. K. Haiiiiilin ; (JTth New York, Colonel Nelson 
Cross; l^'id New York, Lieutenant Colonel A. \V. Dwighl ; li;}d Pennsyl- 
vania, Lieutenant Colonel John F. Glenn ; 82d Pennsylvania, Colonel Isaae 
Hassett. 

Scrond Bru/rttle. — Colonel IL L. EfSTiR Commanding. 7th Massachu- 
setts, Ijieutenant Colonel Franklin P. Harlow ; lOlh Massachusetts, Lieu- 
tenant Colonel Jetlord M. Decker; 37th Massachusetts, Colonel Oliver Kd- 
wards ; 2d Rhode Island, Colonel Iloratio Rogers. 

Third Brifiaile. — Colonel Davio I. Nkvin Coniinanding. 62d New York, 
Colonel D. I. Nevin, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore B. Hamilton ; 102d Penn- 
sylvania* Colonel John W. Patterson ; 93d Pennsylvania, Colonel James \\. 
M^Carter; 98th Pennsylvania, Major John B. Kohler ; 139th Pennsylvania, 
Lieutenant Colonel William H. Moody. 

Artillery Brigade. — Colonel C. H. Tompkins Commanding. Battery A, 
Isi Massachusetts, Captain W. H. McCartney ; Battery D, 2d ignited States, 
Lieutenant Y,. B. VVilliston ; Battery V, 5th United States, Lieutenant 
Leonard Martin ; Battery G, 2d United States, Lieutenant John 11. Butler ; 
Battery C, 1st Rhode Island, Captain Richard Waterman ; Battery G. 1st 
Rhode Island, Captain George W. Adams ; 1st New York, Captain Andrew- 
Cowan ; 3d New York, Captain William A. Ham. 

Cavdlry Detachmmf. — Captain William L. Craft Commanding. H, 
1st Pennsylvania ; L, lat New Jersey. 



ELEVENTH CORPS. 

Major General OLIVER O. HOWARD, Peraianent Commander. 
Major General CMXL SCHURZ. July I'st. 

FIRST DIVISION. 

BuioAinKR General FRANCIS C. BARLOW Commanding (wounded). 
BRi(4AniER General ADELBERT AMES. 

First Bripade. — Colonel Leopold Von Gilsa Commanding. 4Ist New 
Y'ork, Colonel L. Von Gilsa; Lieutenant Colonel D. Von Einsiedel ; 54tli 
New York, Colonel Eugene A. Kezley ; 68th New Y'ork, Colonel Gotthilf 
Bourney de Ivernois ; 153d Pennsylvaniii, Colonel Charles G Ian z. 

.SV;conrf Bri.7a(/e.— Brigadier General Aoklrert Ames Commanding; 
Colonel Andrew L. Harris. 17th Connecticut, Lieutenant Colonel Doug- 
lass Fowler (killed). Major A. G. Brady (wounded) ; 25th Ohio, Lieutenant 
Colonel Jeremiah Williams (captured), Lieutenant William Maloney 
(wounded), Lieutenant Israel White ; 75th Ohio, Colonel Andrew L. Harris 
Cwounded), Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin Morgan (wounded), Major 
Charles W. Friend ; 107th Ohio, Captain John M. Lutz. 

*Not engaged. 



Apf^mii^ $7 






TlflUl) MVlMloN. 
Major liK^KHAI. rAKK SflU'll/, PBIltlA.«iKyT Cow MA.<«ttKB. 

HniOADiKK «iK!iBRAi. Al.EXANDKK H<||iMMKLI*rKNNl«t 4'<Nn- 
iiiandlnK aa July IM. 

/' r •' /Ir> ' [. V _ llrti-,t.l iiT ) .••111 r .' V \ . . X «.. If I vi u • t •. 1 . ^ ^ 1.. I 



;!<•! W\intM!H K WTf At nir^Ki f-TT.msr 



luuidlnc. lWuu>nr I. 






rWKLlTH a)IU'S 
nBiOADieB Gexkral ALrHKrs S. WILLIAMS CoMMxyviyiu 

KIIt>»T niVlHloN. 
Ilni..«. .. .. .KJiRKAl. TIIOMAM II. UrORK < 



I Jun#« i. .■telfndfr . *>i MmjUixI. i niaa*t j. 



r balU«( •fivrward aWelwd u» Plrvt 



68 Gdtijtihnnj : Umv the liattle wa6 Fowjld. 



Monte ; 107th New York, Colonel Mlron M. Crane ; 13th New Jersey, colo- 
nel Ezni A. Caniiaii (wounded), LieulcuAiit Colonel John R. P'eHler ; 27th 
I ndiiiiia. Colonel Silas Col^rovc. l.itulcnanl Colonel John K. Fesler ; ;id 
W'isronsiu, Liuiilonaut Colouol Martin Flood. 

SECOND DIVISION. 
HuiOADiKK <;knkuai. Ji^MN W . < JKAUY Commanding. 

First Brif/dile. — Colonel Chari.ks Canuy Coiiiniandin^. 28th Penn.syl" 
vania, Captain John I'lynn ; 147th Pennsylvania, Lieutenant Colonel Ario 
Pardets Jr. ; r)th Ohio, (;ol()nt'l John il. Patrick ; 7th Ohio, Colonel William 
R. Creiirhton ; "iOth Ohio, Cajitain W. V. .StL'v<'nH (wounded), Captain Kd. 
Mays; tWth Ohio, Colonel C. Candy, Lieutenant Colonel Eugene Powell. 

•Srcond liriiia(le. — {\) Colonel TiEOHoK A. Coiiham, Jr.; (2) Brigadier 
(ieneral Thoma.s L. Kank. 29th Pennsylvania, Colonel William Rickards ; 
lOyth Pennsylvania, Captain Frederick L. Oiniber; llllh Pennsylvania, 
Lieutenant Colonel Thomas M. W^alker, Lieutenant Colonel Frank J. 
Osgood. . 

Tliiril Brigade. — Brigadier General Gkoroe S. Greenk Commanding. 
60th New Yerk, Colonel Abel (iodard ; 78th New York, Lieutenant Colonel 
Herbert Von Hanimersteiu ; 102d New York, Lieutenant Colonel James C. 
Lane (wounded) ; l;{7th New York, Colonel David Ireland ; 149th New 
York, Colonel Henry A. Barnum, Lieutenant Colonel Charles R. Randall. 

ArtiUcry Briijadc. — Lieutenant Eoward D. Muhlenbero Command- 
ing. Battery F, 4th United States, Lieutenant E. D. Muhlenberg, Lieuten- 
ant S. T. Rugg ; Battery K, 5th United States, Lieutenant D. H. Kinbie ; 
Battery M, 1st New York, Lieutenant Charles E. Winegar ; Knap's Penn- 
sylvania Battery, Lieutenant Charles Atwell. 

Headquarter Guard. — Battalion 10th Maine. 



CAVALRY CORPS. 
Major General ALFRED PLEASONTOX Commanding. 

FIRST DIVISION. 
Bri(»adier General JOHN BUFORD Ccmmandinu. 

First Brif/ade. — Colonel Wit.liam Gamble Commanding. 8th New 
York, Colonel Benjamin F. Davis ; 8th Illinois, Colonel William Gamble, 
Lieutenant Colonel D. R. Clendenin ; two squadrons r2th Illinois, Colonel 
Amos Voss; three squadrons .Sd Indiana,,Colonel George H. Chapman. 

-Second Bri(;a<le. — Colonel Thomas C. Devin Commanding. 6th New 
York, Colonel Thomas C. Devin, Jjieutenant Colonel William H. Crocker; 
itth New Y'ork, Colonel William Sackett ; 17th Pennsylvania, Colonel J. H. 
Kellogg; .3d Virginia (detachment). 

liescrvc Brif/ade.— Jiriaadier General Wesley Merritt Commanding. 
1st United States, Captam R. S. C. Lord ; 2d United States, Captain T. F. 
Iiodenl)OUgh ; 5th United States, Captain J. W. Mason ; 6th United States, 
Major S. II. Starr (wounded). Captain G. C. Cram; 6th Pennsylvania, 
.Major James H. Ilazeltine. 

SECOND DIVISION. 

Brigadier General D. McM. GREGG Commandin<». 

(Headqitarter Guard— Company A, 1st Ohio.) 

First Bri'jade. — Colonel J. B. McIntosh Commanding. 1st New Jersey, 
Major M. H. Beaumont; 1st Pennsylvania, Colonel John P. Taylor ; 3d 
Pennsylvania, Lieutenant Colonel Edward S. Jones; 1st Maryland, Lieu- 
tenant'Colouel James M. Deems ; 1st Massachusetts at Headquarters, SLxth 
Corps. 



^ r-v, !■• V 

Ji4ilt K. I. 

TIIIHI> DIVIMIOS. 

IlRKtAUiKii i*K!«BiiAi. Jri>H<>N KII.I'ATKK'K <'<>i««a]ipiji«i. 

(IIkaimjiahtkr <ii amo— i*acn|mnj ('. l»i itbi'v) 

P\rtf Pr\-;^.tf - Ml RrlsrafttT 'irnrraJ K 3 FAR^swonTti . fCi r..;..tirl 



1< NtAun. 

lloltflR ARTILLERY.* 



I 

M 

H; <'^|.t.i:ll A Nf ): ^ ., ; 



AUTILLKHY H1>>KK\'E. 

(1) BiUUADIER OiLXEJUL K O TYLKU (.li«s:ill.H.n 

m CkrvKXTt JOHN M ItOHKUTSON 

I' ILRa>. 

.«nt «' i' 



-x>tt«, t afioun i\ A. i*tiilti|« 



> twttory •IterbMl m ib* l*«rn*li I>«<Kta«i «raa with Oran «« 



70 Geftynbury: How the Baltic wats t'oiujlil. 



Fourth Vuluntier Brv/<«'''-.— ('u|>Uiiii U. H. FiT/.iii;<ni CoinmandhiK- 
Huttery H, Ist New York, Cuptain JamoH McHorly (killed) ; Batt«rv <J, l»l 
Nmv York, Captain Allx-rt N. Atims; li;itt<ry'K, Isl Nt-w York (lUh 
Imttory atluclifd). Captain liolxirt II. Fitzlmgli ; Mattery A, 1st Maryland, 
Captain Jauu-s II. Ki^'-y ; Hatter^- A, Isl Now Jersey, Lieutenant Auguatin 
N. Parsons; «)tli Maine, Lioutenant Kdwin \^. Dow. 

Train (funril. — Majf)r Cuahlks KwiNti ConitnaiuiInK- 4tli New .Terney 
infantry. 

Hfddquarte.r (futinl. — Captain .J. (\ Fri-i.KU Cminiandinj^. Ualterj- C, 
32il Maasachuselts. 



DETACHMENTS AT HEADl^rAliTEllS AllMY OE THE 

POTOMAC. 

('o)iimand of (he Provost Mur.shdl Gnieral. — IJrij^adier General M. R. 
Patkick Cotnmanding. 93d New York,* Sth I'nited States,* 1st Massachu- 
setts eavalry, 2d Pennsylvania cavalry, Batteries K and I, 6th Pennsylvania 
cavalrv, detachment regular cavalry, Cnited States engineer battalion,* 
Captiii'n George H. Mendel, rnitcd S'tates engineers. 

(Jaards and Or'/rrZ/cs.— Captain D. P. Mann Commanding. Indepen- 
dent Company Oneida cavahy. 

* N ot engaged. 



, f fl--nili r 



Tl 



OmtAXI/ATlUN OPTIIK AkMV OF NomiERN VlUUINU. Jt'XC 1. 1HH3 

Dkxekal HOHEKT K LRE. Commandimi. 

Stuff 
CoU>KEI. W. H. TAVI.Oll. AiljutAiit (ii'Dfral. 
• • C S VKNAliLK. ADC 

CHAHLKS MAKSHALL. A^DC 
.lAMFlS L < rU>niuiMt«<r 

H. II I'Ol.l. ^.. . 

H Ci BALDWIN. Chiif of < >nluiui.v 

il L ri-VTON, A^ tnm.nil 

Genehal w n 1'i:m)Li:t< >\ rv 

DcKToR U Itril.D. MMit-al Dinvtor 
W riUX Ton SMITH 
i K VolNd. AjwiHUuit \ , * 

( t. B. CXX)Iv. .\iwuitant Luipoctor Oeooial. 



FIUST (X)HPS 
LiBCTBSAXT Oenekal JAMES Ii()N(tSTKEl-7r Commaxdino. 

McLAWH*H DIVIHION. 
MAJniiOii:«BliAl. 1. MchAWMOoMMAHDIIK*. 

r»> J. It ; 



;>au . C«^t>Lt'* uoul)^ Ic^KtU. Lie. 



72 Getfynlmry : How the Buttle was Junujht. 



PICKKTTS DIVISION. 
Majok Gen k UAL (JEOUGK K. PK'KKTr Com.manuino. 

GnrnelCi^ Bri(/ade. — Hrigadicr General R. B. Garnett Cotnmanding. 
8th Viixiniii re^riiiient, Coloiu'I Kjipa Iluiitoii ; iHth Virffiiiiii reffiiiuiit, CoUv 
nel K. K. WitJiors; I'.tili Viij;iiiiii rt^imciil, Colonel Henry (Jaiitl ; 2Mtli Vir- 
irinia ruginiont, Colonel U. C. Alien ; iiGth Virginia regiment, Colonel W. 
D. StuarL 

Armi.'<lr<i(rs Britjadc. — Brigadier General L. A. Akmistead Commantl- 
ing. iUh Virginia roginieiit, Lii-ntenant Colonel J. S. (iiiliani; 14tli Vir- 
ginia regiment. Colonel J. < ;. llodgt-s; .isth \ir>rini:i regiment, ('olonel K. 
c. Kdmonds ; 53d Virginia regiment, Colonel John (J raumier ; 57 th Virginia 
regiment. Colonel J. li. Magrndor. 

Kcinjicr's BriV/af/'-. — Brigadier General J. L. Kemi'kk Commanding, 'st 
Virginia regiment, Colonel liewis H. Williams, .Jr. ; .id Virginia regiment, 
Colonel Joseph Mayo, Jr. ; 7th Virginia regiment. Colonel W.' T. Patton ; 
11th Virginia regiiiient, Colonel David Funston ; 24th Virginia regiment. 
Colonel W. R. Terrv. 

ToomO.'t'ii Brii/aae. — Brigadier General R. Toomhk Commanding. 2d 
Georgia regiment, Colonel E. M. Bntt ; 15th Georgia regiment, Colonel E. 
M. Du Bose ; 17th Georgia regiment, Colonel W. C. Hodges ; 20th Georgia 
regiment, Colonel J. B. Cummings. 

CVr.fr.s-'s .B?-i7/ar/c. —Brigadier General M. D. Corsk Commanding. 15th 
Virginia regiment. Colonel T. P, August; 17th Virginia regiment. Colonel 
Morton Marye ; .30tii Virginia regiment, Colonel A. T. Harrison; 32d Vir- 
ginia regiment, Colonel E. B. Montague. 

HOOD'S DIVISION. 
Major General J. B. HOOD. 

Iioher(son\s Brif/ade. — Brigadier General J. B. Bobertson Commanding. 
1st Texas regiment, Colonel A. T. Rainey ; 4th Texas regiment, Colonel J. 
C. G. Key ; 5th Texas regiment, Colonel R. M. Powell ; 3d Arkansas regi- 
ment, Colonel Van H. Manning. 

Laws^ Bru;a<le. — Brigadier General E. M. Laws Commanding. 4th Ala- 
bama regiment, Colonel P. A. Bowls ; 44th Alabama regiment. Colonel W. 
H. Perry; 15th Alabama regiment. Colonel James Canty; 47th Alabama 
regiment, Colonel J. W. Jackson; 48th Alabama regiment, Colonel J. F, 
Shepherd. 

Aii<lerM>n''s Bru/adr. — Brigadier General G. T. Anderson Commanding. 
10th Georgia battalion, Major J. E. Rj'lander ; 7th Georgia regiment, Colo- 
nel W. M. White ; sth Georgia regiment, Lieutenant Colonel J. R. Towers ; 
9th Georgia regiment, Colonel B. F. Beck ; 11th Georgia regiment. Colonel 
F. H. Little. 

Jcvlcin.s^ Bripade. — Brigadier General M. Jenkins Commanding. 2d 
South Carolina rilles, Colonel Thomas Thompson ; 1st South Carolina regi- 
ment, I>ieutenant Colonel David Livingstone; 5th South Carolina regiment, 
Colonel A. Coward , Gth South Carolina regiment. Colonel John Brattou ; 
Hampton's legion, Colonel M. W. Gary. 

ARTILLERY OF THE FIRST CORPS. 
Colonel J. B. WALTON Commanding. 

Battalion. — Colonel H. C. Cabell; Major Hamilton. Batteries: Mr- 
Carty's, Manly's, Carlton's, Eraser's. 

B'lttaliaii.— Major Dkarinu ; Major Reed. Batteries : Macon's, Blount's, 
Stribling's, Caskie's. 

Battaliou. — Major Henry. Batteries : Baclnnan's, Rielly's, Latham's, 
Gordon's. 

Battalion. — Colonel E. P. Alexander ; Major Huoer. Batteries : Jor- 
dan's, Rhett's, Moody's, Parker's, Taylor's. 

Battalion. — Major EsHle.man. Batteries : S<iuire's, Miller's, Richard- 
son's, Norcom's. 

Total number of guns, artillery of the First corps, 83, 



8FX>)NI) cold's 
"^ iJEtTEXAyr Okxemal U. s KWKLL 

KAHLVS t>IMM|ON. 
Major <«K?iBliAt. J. A. KAULY ('..m <« a « i.ih.. 
Ita^M' An4<iW4>. _ Rri«Mll*r rton*ff»l ft. K. idlnff. Mh 

h 

' ;rtiradl«r (••n«nU J. B. lioaiMtJi Comiiuutillnv. Ulli 

vM Hmitii t'onimandlntf. 

.... 1^ 

.1 

!I 
It kya ffrt/NxfA. — (Vilanal J, K. A^TKiir Ca(nm«n<llnff /«l«n«r» 

h 
rm 

Hoi>i>r DIVISION 

>iA><>n '•tt»Rn\l. It K_ ItnOKS ( ..UK v^i.i>.. 



A. • 



■-. I^oti- 
D. II. 



.\.«i.AiuA rvKiiUA'Ut, l«;«ut«<*AM; C^Unwrl J. • . 

Jnii \. 
AAJonOr'''' . ..-- ^. 

\. 

..^ ._ . . .. . . . ». 

('•roiin* rt>«ii>t*ni. iJvaima rtourMoti 



74 Gt'ttysbunj: Jioir the Hattle iratf Foiujht. 

"^tdiirirall" /f/-i//fK/<'. — Hripidior Oermral Jamks A. Wai.kkk Poininaiul- 
iiig. lid Virniuiii r«n'>"»''>t. <'<)l<)nel J. (i. A. NuilcnhouM-li ; 4tli Virtriiiia 
n'lriiiiPiit, <'()l()ii(l Chailfs A. Kmiald : t,l\' Virginia rcf^iinoiU. Colonel .1. II. 
-;. I'uiik; l.'7tli Virginia roginuMit, Cojoml-I .1. K. Edmondson ; 33d Virginia 
reginu-nl, Colonel F. M. liollada\'. 

Jniir.f' Brii/mlr. — lirifiiuUvr iieiu'ial John M. .Ionp:.s Coinniandiiig. lilst 
\irginia regiment, Captain Moseley ; I-"! Virginia regiment. Lieutenant 
('ol<.nel Withers; 44th Virginia regiment, Cajttain Huekner; 4.Sth Virginia 
regiment, Colonel T. S. Garnett ; 60th Virginia regiment, Colonel Vando- 
venter. 

yir/ioir.s Jiri'/atlf. — Colonel .1. M. Williams Commanding (General F. 
T. NiehoUs being absent, woundeil). 1st Louisiana regiment. Colonel vVil- 
liam K. Shirers ; lid Louisiana regiment, i, olonel .1. M. Williams: lOth 
Louisiana regiment. Colonel F. Waggaman ; 14th Louisiana regiment, Colo- 
nel Z. York, loth Louisiana Regiment, Colonel Edward Pendleton. 

ARTILLERY OF THE SECOND CORPS. 
ColonklS. CRUTCHFIELD CoMMANi)iN(i. 

5rTY<a/u>7i.— Lieutenant Colonel Thomas H. Carter, Major Carter yi. 
Braxton. Batteries : Page's, Fry's, Carter's, Reese's. 

Ba^m/to7t.—Lieutena.)t Colonel II. P. Jo.vks, Major Brockenboboitoh. 
Batteries : Carrington's, Garber's, Thompson's, Tanner's. 

/?a««7io«.— Lieutenant Colonel S. Andrews, Major Latimer. Batteries : 
Brown's, Dermot's, Carpenter's, Raine's. 

i?a»a/io».— Lieutenant Colonel Nelson, Major Paoe. Batteries: Kirk- 
patriek's, Massie's, Millege's. 

^a<^//!0".— ColonelJ.T. Brown, Major IIardaway. Batteries: Dauee's, 
Watson's, Smith's, Huti"'s, Graham's. 

Total number of guns, artillery of the Second corps, 82. 



THIRD CORPS. 
Lieutenant General A. P. HILL Commanding. 

R. H. ANDERSON'S DIVISION. 

Wilcox's Brir/ade.— Brigadier General C. M. Wilcox Commanding. 8th 
Alabama regiment, Colonel T. L. Royster; 9th Alabama regiment. Colonel 
S. Henry; 10th Alabama regiment, "Colonel W. H. Forney; 11th Alal)ama 
regiment. Colonel .1. C. C. Saunders ; 14th Alabama regiment. Colonel L. P. 
Pinkhard. 

M(tho7ie\s BrU/ade. — Brigadier General William Mahone Commanding. 
<)th Virginia regiment. Colonel (t. T. Rogers; 12th Virginia regiinent. Colo- 
nel D. A. Weisiger ; 16th Virginia regiment. Lieutenant Colonel .Joseph H. 
Ham ; 41st Virginia regiment, Colonel W. A. Parham ; 61st Virginia regi- 
ment. Colonel V. D. Groner. 

Posey's Brii/ade.—Hrigadier General Canot Posey Commanding. 46th 
Mississippi regiment. Colonel Jos. Jayne ; 16th Mississippi regiment. 
Colonel Samuel E. Baker ; 19th Mississippi regiment, ColonelJohn MuUins; 
12th Mississippi regiment. Colonel W. H. Taylor. 

Writf/U's Brif/adc. — UriixiidierGeuer&l A. H. Wright Commanding. 2d 
Georgia battalion. Major G. W. Ross; 3d Georgia regiment. Colonel E. J. 
Walker; 22d Georgia' regiment. Colonel R. H. .Tones; 48th Georgia regi- 
ment, Colonel William Gibson. 

Perry's Brirjade. — Brigadier General E. A. Perry Commanding. 2d 
Florida regiment. Lieutenant Colonel S. G. Pyles ; .")th Florida regiment, 
€olonel J. C. Uately ; 8th Florida regiment. Colonel David Long. 

IlEITH'S DIVISION. 

First, Pettit/rrw's Bri'ia,'h: — I2d, 1 1th, 26th, 44th, 47th, 52d and 17th North 
Carolina regiments. 



75 



A'..»rfA. f\Htk'a Bruf*i*i*, — lMh, ITXh. nmh •lul Mlh North ("afollaa r«fl> 
/'•"N. /' ' />ri<7<i«|«. — M. Illb ■»«! «»1 MlMlMlppt aod U«h Xoftli 

I'KNDKR*M DIVIHIOX. 

>Nr«r. iTtfOoiroa'a artj^<l«.— Ut, I'Jtb. l3Ui an*! lilh North I'krollaa rt^- 

:nf nt*. 



/- •• ■ 1, / ■ ■ • • ■ 1 /I ' 1 • I- 1 • I nil, I'll 11, _' I > I ^11 m. I ■- . :. .^ ■ If -. ji « kr*>- 

llna rogliuontit. 

ARTILLERY OK THE TIIIRI> n>RP«*. 
I ouo^iKi. H. LINDSEY WALKER <*oMMA!«i>i!«>». 

/Tiff.ifi .h. ^f..i..r n. 'i M Im«miii. M«lor W. F. PuAufK. Hattart** : 

II • ■•. 

/ ■ I Oaknbii. Ma)or RiOHAkUaoli. Itel- 

Xf., ■ ^ - ' • 

I 
I 

•••I' X 

I rrm. Ma|or I^aXB. Hatlrrlw : WlA^ 

LIFT'TKNANT OENERAL J. E. R HTlART*!* CAVALRY ttmPH. 
I •f»n«>r«l Wade llampton'* hrlirailc. 

1 .. li.ri: » I'r Hu,_-I. I ... • 1 r ^-i.l. 

I tar Colonal rhamblhn. 

I- 

I 

I 

I .. . - - 

• - i«iiAiii>i. 



iilal T'-itor "f ihii ■■•vairjr «"«»rpa l« uofortuaataljr un- 



76 



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Gcityshnnj: Hoio the Battle ivas Fowjht. 



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Gettysburg: How the Battle ivan FougfU 



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Qetiyshurq: How the Battle tvaa Fough 


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n]portant to t\$\W$. 



To See the B:ittle-ficl J 
Satisfactorily. 

Wlu-ii you arrive at Gcttjsburiij 

Go direct to 
Zicgler & Holtzcuorth's 



Livery, 



'i he largest trans{M>rtation Kstablishtnent in 
Soulhfrn IVnnsvlvani.i, 

Place yourself in the care of Mr. \VM. T. ZIEGLER. 
the Proprietdr. and you will be shown the Kattlc-licid 
in such a way that you will never regret your visit to 
Gettysburg. 



->^ Mumper and CoMPANr,-<<- 

I 

BATTLE FIELD PHOTOGRAPHERS, 




No. 29 BALTIMORE STREET, (iETTYSBCRG, PA. 

Tourists photographed on any part of the field. Arrangements 
can be made by mail, telegraph, or by leaving orders at our 
office. Special attention given to Dedications, Reunions, etc. 
An operator in daily attendance at the romantic place knowr as 
" Devil's Den." 

Headquarters for Prof. Jacob's Souvenir Albums, wholesale 
and retail. Also Histories, Guide-Books, etc. Photographic 
vieTVS, all sizes, of any portion of the field al-ways on hand. 

Oatalofirue on application. 

MXTMF^ER Su CO. 

J. D. MUMPEE, Field Operator. 




For nnyUiint; *ixl evciryiliinir 
ill Xliv wKy of Photoicraphs 
of tiM' liattUwfioUl of (.t«Uy>» 
l»uiv. «»r MoiitiinftitM Siuvrnir 

Alliuiiin iir ( tiii<I< H ItaMikMoillon 

W. H. Tipton. 

Th« Battl»<ri«ld Photocrapn«r. 
C«tty*burc Pa. 

^^^H iTlio offiniU IM)ut4>frnipht>r 

I^^^B -outinuooiUy from tho Uittl<? to 

^Jlj^ft tli«* proMfiit titnt). Over I'i.iNio 

'■'■ — plntcM of CtfttyHbuJV virwn 

(ii<)n<> ill all hIzch 
GronpH taki>n anywhvn* on ti«*ltl. Complfto cntiUofnK* antl 
nwirr mailcMl ou rvcoipt of thn*«* lt*tU*r Htaiu|»i. 



W. H. Tiptop, 



PHOTOGHAPHER. 

Qettysburg, Pa. 



N. IV Ah li* at^ Uuiii aittl Tnuiip riioU»K'riii4i<-nt (*) Mvnnn tln' 
field on iH-nrly vxvry mxiuiion of inU-n-Mt. Imtton holini? Touhi*tA 
at ort'n* tiiru. Rod in tiuuiy nuM'tt iimkui); no rt* turn for muiu'y 
fmiiX tlu'm. the riratont who wotiM fi-«l tiafe luul •ecuro vill 
trade vitli 



(») 



Tipton 



The 



Eagle Hotel, 



^e%iS6urg, |)a. 



Has been improved in many respects, and in 
its cuisine and other manag-ement is fully up to 
a first class $2.00 a day Hotel. 

It is headquarters for Army people, and the 
place to secure reliable and trained Guides, for 
the Battle-field, and the proprietor holds him 
self responsible for the proper treatment of his 
Guests as to efficiency and charges. 



Free Bus from and to all Trains. 



H. YINGLING, Proprietor. 

C or. ) 



^-McGlcllan x House, •<-- 



! 




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^ . J^jk- 



-^ GETTYSBURG. PA^ 



SIMON J. DILLER, Proprietor. 



QOOD LI¥[Rr ATTACHED. 

Visitors to tin Battlt-fitld Supplitd nitk first-clan 
Ttams and lattlligtnt Ouidts. 
HtQdquarttrs for LtQgiM of Amthcat Wlit^lmin. 
Htattd TkroMfkowt witk Sffam 
RATES. S2 pir Day 

Cotmmtnt to botk Railroad s 

Fred Rat //i ija,) from gU Tr,tip\ 



CURSHlNGTOrJ 

House, 



Carlisle Street, opposite LU. Cn. Depot and one 
square from G. & H- Depot. 



Gettysburg, Pti 



DAVID McCLEARY, Proprietor. 



RATKS ^1.50 PBR DAY. 



First-Class Liivery Attached 



BKTTLE«FIELD « SPECIKLTY. 

(98) 



City Hotel. 

Bettysburg, PeNN'A. 

J()nX i:. T TT '(^, IIICS.. I •iMpi-icl..r. 

CENTRALLY LOCATED 
r^., MINUTES WALK FROM W. M. R. R. AND G d H R R OCPQTS 

-»GITy • BeTGL «- 

Thi^ Hotel has been rebuilt and refurnished with 

•mfortable rooms ; is within 40 yards of the 

lii.imond of the town ; ) minutes walk from Har* 

- ' ' ' ••• ' '^ ■■ *. also 5 rr • ■ " 

. t. It I- 
best conducted Hotels in Gettysburg. Strangers. 
Business men, Tourists and G. A. R. men will find 

It t«> thfir .!(!•• r ■" 

.".- V\\ 

ind Surrrys 

pirst-Qlass Quides for the pield. Qhar^ges 
Pcasonable. 

:j^ ^ ^ :^ • ft^ 



CDansion Ho^se, 



AT THE DEPOT. 




CENTRAL PART OF TOWN. 



House has been neuily Remodeled and 
f^efurnished. 



m. U. A^rlOLlD, PpopmetoP, 



CARblSliE, PA. 



BALTIMORE STREET, 

f%«wt»<l «toor from in* Court Mau»« 

GETTYSBURG, PENN'A. 

JAMES MrC AVITT. Proprietor. 

I he X [/juiJe x and x jj9lin9ator,-<- 

V>-rKRAN OF TM£ WAR, 1S61 TO lattft. 



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.>- CAPTAIN JAMES T. LONG,^ 

OETTYSHUHO, PKNNA. 



Author of OVmraBUKO How tb« Battto wma Fou«bt. 

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C. H. FULWEILER, FRANK HURSH. 

Chif'f Clerk. Nijfht Clerk. 



United States 
Hotel. 



HAYES So NIXON, Proprietors. 



HARRISBURG, PENN'A. 



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